EB-Education: October 2016

Tuesday, 18 October 2016

Love is too young to know what conscience is;
Yet who knows not conscience is born of love?
Then, gentle cheater, urge not my amiss,
Lest guilty of my faults thy sweet self prove:
For, thou betraying me, I do betray
My nobler part to my gross body's treason;
My soul doth tell my body that he may
Triumph in love; flesh stays no farther reason,
But rising at thy name doth point out thee
As his triumphant prize. Proud of this pride,
He is contented thy poor drudge to be,
To stand in thy affairs, fall by thy side
No want of conscience hold it that I call
Her "love" for whose dear love I rise and fall

Monday, 17 October 2016

QA

1. What animals are visible in the National Emblem of India?

Ans: The National Emblem and Seal of the Government of India is a replica (duplicate) of the capitol (top part) of Ashoka's pillar at Sarnath. I the original capitol of the stone pillar and carved out four lions, standing back with their mouths wide open. In the emblem, however, only three lions are visible – as its appears in print – because the fourth remain hidden from view.

2. What do you understand by the term "Mid-term Election"?

Ans: Mid-term election is an election held out of schedule as a result of the dissolution of Parliament or a State legislature before it has been in existence for its normal term of five years.

3. In which year did Mohammad-bin-Qasim, invade India?

Ans: 712 AD

4. Who was the first woman Governor of an Indian State (Governor of UP) after Independence?

Ans: Sarojini Naidu

5. Which Mughal Emperor built the historic Jama Masjid in Delhi?

Ans: Shah Jahan

6. Who was the first and the only Muslim lady who ever sat on the throne of Delhi?

Ans: Razia Sultana, the daughter of Altamash

7. Who was the author of Gita Rahasya – a commentary on the Bhagwat Gita?

Ans: Bal Gangadhar Tilak

8. Who was the first Secretary-General of the United Nations Organisation (UNO)?

Ans: Trygve Lie of Norway

9. Where is the headquarters of the International Court of Justices located?

Ans: The Court sites at The Hague (The Netherlands)

10. Who was awarded the first Nobel Prize in 1901 for his discovery of X-Rays?

Ans: W. Konard Rontgen, the German Physicist

11. Who invented fountain pen in 1884?

Ans: Lewis E. Waterman (USA)

12. What does the acronym NASA stand for?

Ans: National Aeronautics and Space Adminstration

13. What was the name of the first living creature to go to space?

Ans: Laika

14. In which state is Kolar Gold-fields located?

Ans: Karnataka

15. Why does lunar eclipse occur at full moon but not at every full moon?

Ans: The lunar eclipse occurs at full moon bonly when the earth comes in between the Sun and the moon which phenomenon does not occur at every full moon.

16. Explain in brief about Peninsul.

Ans: It is a stretch of land almost surrounded by water.

17. In which state is Sriharikota, India's satellite launching and tracking center, located?

Ans: Andhra Pradesh

18. Where in Delhi was India's first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru cremated in 1964?

Ans: Shanti Vana

19. With which sport/game is the place Wimbledon (England) associated?

Ans: Lawn Tennis

20. With which sport/game is Agha Khan Cup associated?

Ans: Hockey

Friday, 14 October 2016

Motivation

Dear Aspirants,

The IBPS PO Preliminary Exam is scheduled for 16, 22, 23 and 27 October 2016. Lakhs of students appear for this exam every year and few of them make it to the final merit list. Today our article is dedicated to all our readers who are going to appear for the exam. We sincerely hope your hard work pays off.

We would like to quote Sir Winston Churchill here,

'Success is not Final, Failure is not fatal, It is the courage to continue that counts'

Success and Failure are the part and parcel of everyone's life. It is only normal to feel discouraged if you fail at something that you strive for with all your heart. But what really matters is the decision one takes after that. Many people give up once they face failure while many others continue with more vigour. It is this difference in the attitude to handle a situation that truly defines who will eventually stand out of the crowd. Remember,

The most difficult thing is the decision to act, the rest is merely tenacity. The fears are paper tigers. So, don't let them scare you. Anything can be done once you set your heart to it. You can act to change and control your attitude and the process in itself is a reward.

If you all have been keeping up with the current happenings, you would have definitely heard of Dipa Karmakar. She brought laurels for the country and made us all proud with her performance at the Rio Olympics. Most of you are well aware of the her achievements but how many of you actually know about the journey that led to that success? For those of you who don't, she was born with a flat feet, which is not considered a good physical sign for a gymnast. But that didn't stop her. She started training as a gymnast at the age of 6 and has been training regularly for the last 17 years. She never got much facilities and what she has achieved today is the result of sheer determination and hard work.

What we wished to point out from her story is the fact that Hard Work always pays off. There is no substitute for it. It may take a while, you may face a lot of failures but rather than dwelling on it, learn from your mistakes. If you don't make it this time, don't consider it a defeat but a learning experience and you will definitely get the taste of success.

We would like to share another story of a great man, Abraham Lincoln. He was one of the most successful president of the United States of America, but his journey to success was not smooth. Despite receiving just one year of formal schooling, he went on to become one of the greatest leader and an orator. His business fell apart when he was in his early twenties. He then started his political career but lost the elections a number of times. He even had a nervous breakdown at one point of time. But even after so many failures, he turned out to be an important part of history. How do you think he achieved it? He simply didn't give up.

Remember,

The greatest obstacle to success is merely the fear of failure.

A comfort zone is a beautiful place but nothing ever grows there. So, move out of your comfort zone, practice hard for the topics that daunt you and eventually you'll overcome that fear. Push yourselves and make each day up to the exam count. Work hard and work smart.

Always remember,

'Failure doesn't make you or break you, it's your attitude that decides, So never hesitate, never feel low, wear a smile and steal the show'

All the best for your exams..

Team Grade up..!!

Thursday, 13 October 2016

Noble16

Dear Readers,

Today we are presenting you a short note on winners of Nobel Prize 2016. On 27 November 1895, Alfred Nobel signed his last will and testament, giving the largest

share of his fortune to a series of prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature and Peace - the Nobel Prizes. In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank (Sweden's central bank) established The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. Here we are representing you the winners list of Nobel Prize 2016.

Nobel Prize 2016 Winners List - At A Glance

Noble16

Dear Readers,

Today we are presenting you a short note on winners of Nobel Prize 2016. On 27 November 1895, Alfred Nobel signed his last will and testament, giving the largest

Nobel Prize 2016 Winners List - At A Glance

Sunday, 9 October 2016

Eng

Hello readers!!!!! In one of our previous posts, we discussed the strategies of readings skills. Today we are going to share with you some tips to implement the four strategies, i.e. Skim, Scan, Analyse and Vocabulary to tackle the reading comprehension passage questions.

In the present scenario, we have notices that in reading comprehension, mostly inference based questions, author's views, title of the passage and synonyms-antonyms are asked. So, we are here with some key points to be kept in mind while attempting Reading Comprehension Questions.

Read the passage thoroughly. You should give a satisfactory and comprehend-able reading to the passage
Find the main idea of the passage. The main idea generally lies in the first or the last paragraph of the passage. Underline the lines that strikes the main theme of the passage.
Read the questions without looking at the answers. First try to find the answer from the passage, then look for the alternative that is closely related to the information you opted from the passage.
If the question is a phrase picked from the passage, the answer lies in the 2-3 lines above or below the given phrase.
To attempt the questions based on idioms, you must go through the book of idioms once. Because idioms cannot be attempted by hit and trial method. These questions can be only done by your knowledge of phrases and idioms.
Synonym and antonyms also demand for an extensive vocabulary. If you are unable to find the exact meaning of the word, then read the line in which that word occurred and interpret the meaning. But what we suggest you to expand your vocabulary is reading newspapers, magazines search for new words on internet.
You can apply two methods to attempt the questions. Either you start reading the whole passage and then attempt the answers or the other things you can do is to read the question first and then look for the related information in the passage.
Downloads

1) English Guide

2) Grammar Notes

Saturday, 8 October 2016

Gkp

#1.

Head of Credential Committee - Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar
Head of Order of Business Committee – K.M.Munshi
# 2.

No of Satellites in Earth – 1
No of Satellites on Mars – 2
# 3.

Strength of Legislative Assembly in Mizoram – 40
Strength of Legislative Assembly in Meghalaya – 60
Strength of Legislative Assembly in Manipur – 60
# 4.

Godwin Austin (K2) Elevation in mts – 8611
Kanchenjunga Elevation in mts – 8598
# 5.

1 Micron = m
1 Angstron m
# 6.

Composition of Iron in Earth – 35%
Composition of Oxygen – 30%
Composition of Silicon – 15%
# 7.

Highest Point of Asia – Mt. Everest (8848 meters)
Highest Point of Africa – Mt. Kilimanjaro (5895meters)
# 8.

Veiled Planet – Venus , Due to surrounded by a thick cloud cover
Earth's Twin – Venus , Due to Venus Size & Mass is Almost similar to Earth
# 9.

Broad Gauge Railway Line Contributes Approx – 84%
Meter Gauge Railway Line Contributes Approx 11%
Narrow Gauge Railway Line Contributes Approx – 4%
# 10.

Air Transport Started in India – 1911
Water Transport Started in India – 1887
#11.

Main Producers of Iraq – Dates , Petroleum
Main Producers of Iran – Petroleum , Carpets , Dry Fruits
# 12.

1 Astronomical Unit (A.U) = 1.5 x m
1 Parsec = 3.08 x m
# 13.

Speed , Speed don't have any direction
Velocity = , Velocity is a Speed with Direction

Friday, 7 October 2016

How to Crack IBPS PO 2016 Exam?

Dear Readers

After the horrifying experience of SBI PO Mains 2016 Exam now it is extremely important that you maintain your focus on IBPS PO and do not let your attention distract from your goal.

SBI has taught us a lesson, showed his superiority once again.

All the Strategies broke down infront of the questions.

There was a complete silence after the exam was over.

We all know SBI is followed by IBPS so now it's time, to rise up again and fight back. So, we are providing you strategy to Crack IBPS PO 2016.

As we all know IBPS is going to conduct IBPS PO PRE VI Exam on 16, 22, 23 & 27 Oct 2016. So a right strategy is the need of the moment.

Lets have a look on Exam Pattern IBPS PO Pre & IBPS PO Mains

Come to The Zone

Banks are changing their pattern of selection, from previous year it had introduced two tiers Examination (Prelims & Mains). The levels of questions are getting tricky and tougher day by day. So don't ever dare to repeat your college life experience of one night preparation before exams in these banking exams.

Some of you plan to prepare for the banking exam in 15 to 20 days before exam date. As of now this is not going to happen. Yes, it is true that there are many who will tell you that we have prepared in only 15 days or a month, but you know yourself better than anybody else so prepare your own strategy, think twice before get set go.

Don't get demotivated or afraid as only 10% out of 100% candidates managed to get into the final selection. This is not at all the matter of concern, which is, IS WHY?

Many candidates doesn't even know what is their aim?, what they want to do? They simply fill the form and appear in the examination.

During preparation for competitive examination, some candidates focus only on 1 or 2 sections as many are afraid of ENGLISH Section or any other section like QUANT.

Many join coaching institute for time pass and engage themselves in social networking websites.

Candidates buy Online Mock Test but do not take it seriously and never analyse their performance in online test.

Few fails, because of their over confidence. So beware of all these barriers.

How to Crack IBPS PO 2016 Exam?

With proper planning, preparation, and the right strategy you can crack IBPS PO 2016 Exams in 2 months.

Know where you stand!

Firstly, in beginning of the preparation process, sit down and with a focused and methodical approach, start with an honest analysis of yourself. What are your strengths? Where are you good at? What are your areas of improvement? Where do you need more time to practice? This analysis can be done by taking up an Online Mock Test.

Take the test as though you were answering the real one. Take it seriously. And then, when you are done, see the patterns of your results. What key points come up? Are you weak in vocabulary? Do you take more time in reading comprehension? Do you have mastery of quantitative fundamentals? Are you able to complete the mock test by the required time? Do you blank out and get nervous?

Key factors to watch on -

(i) Yes, mock tests do help in your own way.

(ii) Take every mock test as if it's the actual exam.

(iii) Don't take tests for the sake of taking tests.

(iv) These tests will not to tell you how good you are, but how you can be better.

(v) Try to analyze these tests to understand your strengths and weaknesses.

(vi) Learn from your mistakes and don't kept repeating them.

(vii) Know your area of strength and target them (like If you are good in Reasoning so used to make sure you get them right every time).

Don't demotivate with Mocks Test score – Mock Test score doesn't matter much. The biggest myth that candidate have in their mind is that if they are not scoring good marks in Mock Test, they feel that it's waste of preparation and it is end of road for them. They cannot qualify the actual exam with such low scores.

Mocks is just to analyse where are you lacking and how can you improve. One of my friends who prepared with me never qualify section test in any mock. But, he never stop and keep practicing. Today he is a Bank PO in a Bank of Baroda.

You get to know your strong and weak areas

1. Good Speed, Good Accuracy: You are already good but do regular practise.

2. Good Speed, Bad Accuracy: Look at your practice answers. Where is the mistake happening? Is there a pattern? Assess and improve.

3. Bad Speed, Bad Accuracy: Put in the most focus into this section. Work by researching on easy tips and techniques to improve the speed and accuracy for these types of questions.

4. Bad Speed, Good Accuracy: Practice, Practice hard, Practice more. Practise each questions by setting timer. Try to apply short tricks. Practise will improve speed. Get easy strategies on improving and keeping the momentum that are available by us.

Once you have made your assessment, familiarize yourself with the banking examination. Know the parts of the exam. IBPS consists of Quantitative Aptitude, English language skills, Reasoning clubbed with Logical Reasoning, Computer and General Awareness.

Then, divide the whole work into simple steps -

How to master in English Section?

Are you good at knowing the meaning of difficult words?
Is there a lot of room to improve? Then, if so, set a target.
Let us say to memorize thousand difficult words in two months.

Divide it up into chunks and seriously master each chunk. Memorize with a fresh mind.
Read our English Master Series and practise Exercise to have good command over English Grammar, go through our
Easy way to learn English vocabulary and read books like Word Power Made Easy by Norman Lewis to improve your vocabulary skills.
You can use the difficult words assigned for the day in conversation or in your writings to help you practice.
Improve your context skills and learn how to free associate.
Play word games online or with friends and crossword puzzles.
Use memory tricks like mnemonics. Practise vocabulary tests. Target to improve your results each time. Get excited about learning new words.
Next, see your performance in the reading comprehension section of the mock test.
Are you quick in picking up the context and meaning of what you are reading or do you need some time? Practice by doing a lot of reading.
Read books, articles, blogs, websites, newspapers etc. of varying topics and length.
Reading newspapers like the Hindu, Economic Times etc is a good start. Certain international newspapers and magazines like The New York Times, Economist and Washington Post (all available online) will give you international perspective and good reading practice.
This will improve your reading speed and comprehension.
How to master in Quant Section?

The basic idea is to get your fundamentals (basics) strong. Generally, quantitative questions in the exams are based on simple concepts, and this makes it an absolute must that one has a working knowledge of these concepts. For this, a few core skills should be developed.

These core skills include accuracy and speed. (Refer to the four quadrants mentioned earlier.)
It also includes the ability to perform simple and complex calculations under time pressure and the ability to use logic and reasoning while solving mathematics questions.
Furthermore, pacing is an important aspect. It involves the practice of moving onto the next question if you are stuck on a single question so to cover more of the test.
Do not waste most of the time in a few questions while missing out on the rest.
How to master in brain trauma section?

Reasoning, have you ever thought why this section is needed or important for banking exams. As this section has no practical application in banking jobs. This section is important because it reflects you, your ability to solve situations and the most important thing is how you approach, how you think and solve the situation in less time. This section requires lots of practise to acquire . You will yourself find out the best way out of several others to solve puzzles, coding decoding, input output etc in Reasoning Section only through practise. As per the new pattern this section now has the tremendous power to dominate you in any exam.

Computer Section

To score good marks in computers section go through our computer notes and computer digest and solve daily quizes. Also read books of Arihant and Kiran Publication.

How to master in GK Section?

Now the section which has no end, no boundary. General Awareness acts as a sweet dish, a dessert in Exams. A Game changer, less time consuming with 100% accuracy. This section needs vast information with daily update. We all know that "Old is Gold", same thing applies here too.

We need to make a habit of reading newspapers regularly.
Read "The Times of India", "The Hindu", "The Telegraph" etc.
You need to keep an eye on what's happening around you in your country and world as well.
There are many leading magazines that focus on current affairs and General Knowledge.
These magazines beautifully categorize the articles with its genres to make it interesting to read on. Some of the useful magazines are Banking Service Chronicle, Pratiyogita Darpan, Business Today etc.
Follow news channels at least once a day. You can watch Times Now, NDTV, ET Now, Zee News etc. Try to go through all the breaking and highlighted news, and make it a habit.
Note down all important news of the day in your note book and learn it and revise it on a next day. This exercise will make you master in GK section.
For Banking Awareness go through our Banking Drive and Soul of Banking Awareness.
Use internet resources Google, YouTube and Wikipedia.
Try to give priority to areas like Sports, Government Affairs or technology, news on banking sectors, and economic and business news.
Last but not the least follow our Daily GK Updates and GK Digest & One Liner GK updates will keep you a step ahead.
At last -

(i) Online Examination is an exam which needs preparation and also smartness.

(ii) Crack Bank Exams because you "want" to and not because you "have" to or "prove" yourself to someone.

(iii) Hard work never goes waste. It always repays well in some form or the other , sooner or later.

(iv) Don't go by what society says or what status quo dictates. Just do what you feel morally right and good about.

(v) Since you only need to succeed once , it doesn't matter how many times you fail . Learn from your failures and stick to your dreams during your darkest times . the dark times prepare you for your success .

(vi) Basics are important. Some realise it earlier , some later….

Remember –

Whatsoever May be the Story,

Don't Lose Hope is the Moral of the Story..

Thanks

Team GradeUp

HELLO Aspirants!!! Did this ever happened to you that while you reach your exam center, you feel nervous, a bit agitated or just get confused?

Actually it does happen with all of us. Whenever we see a lot of candidates around us, some cramming the rules, some are revising chapters and others are standing with their hands joined, kissing their lucky charms, we do deflect a bit. Never mind, its completely natural. So, today lets take a break and learn some quick tips to stay calm and relaxed before entering or after entering your exam hall......

#Never Carry Heavy Stuff With You

One should never carry a heavy load of bag and all the stuff with oneself, except if your are travelling to another city to appear for the exam. Make sure you have all the important documents like Admit card, Identity Proof, Pens of course. But keep your bag stuffed with least stuff.

#Reach the Place before Time

You should reach your exam center at least one hour before. If the exam center in your own city, then do visit it prior exam day. It will give a clear idea about the time you need to commute. If the exam is held in some other city, then you must search for the proper location, modes of travelling etc. The reason being that if you are not familiar with the place, you may lost your way and get late. It will baffle you for the first few minutes of the exam. You will reach there perspiring, sweating tired and that not good Right??

#Take Water Bottle With You

Water bottle is an essential to be kept. Water will maintain your body temperature and helps you keep calm. The second benefit of having water bottle is that you don't have to keep looking here and there for water. Even while travelling water is must because you never know what kind of place you will be going and how much do you have to rub your shoulders in rickshaws, buses and trains etc. So, keep water with you always.

#Never Discuss About Failure In Previous Attempts

Why do you need to discuss about your previous failures in attempts.?? It gone. You have prepared hard, you have got another chance. Just hit it. Never discuss about where did you lack last time just before your exam. There are another candidates, you must start talking about something positive and enthusiastic. If you are shy, then just close your eyes, take a deep breath and lift yourself up.

#Don't Start Cramming

Does it really help you to crammer all the things just few seconds before exam? Why? Where have you been all the time you got to study? Dear you have prepared a lot. You don't need to cram anything. If you really want to revise the stuff, do it a day before.

Get my IBPS PO Study Material here

Confusing adverb

Good knowledge of rules of grammar and their correct usage in right perspective, Is the only way of attempting the questions relating to the spotting errors.
1. Fairly/Rather -

Fairly is used with favourable adjectives and adverbs while rather is used before unfavourable adjectives and adverbs.
Example a) Ram is fairly clevr, but Ramesh is rather foolish.
b) Ram walks fairly fast, but Anil walks rather slowly.

Rather when used before alike, like similar, different etc. and before comparatives, means a little or slightly.
Examples a) These cats are rather like cubs in some ways.
b) The weather was rather hot than we had expected.

2. Hardly/Scarcely/Barely -

The adverbs: hardly, scarcely and barely are almost negative (almost not) in meaning. 'Hardly' is usually used with 'any', ever ', at all , or the verb 'can'
Examples a) She has hardly any money (very little money)
b) We hardly ever go out, (We very seldom go out)
One should not be confused with adverbs 'hard' 'hardly.
Examples a) He looked hard at it, (He stared at it)
b) She hardly looked at me.
(She gave me only a brief glance or didn't look)
Scarcely means 'almost not' and can replace 'hardly' as used above.
But scarcely is usually used to mean not quite
Example : There Were scarcely ten people in the meeting. (probably fewer)
Barely means 'not more than' I only just
Examples a) His voice was barely audible. (It was only just audible)
b) There were barely ten people in the meeting. (only just ten)

3. Yet/Still –

Both are adverbs of time. Yet means up to the time of speaking. It is used with the negative or interrogative.
Still emphasizes that the action continues. It is mainly used with the affirmative or interrogative. It can also be used with the negative to emphasize the continuance of an action.

Examples a) He hasn't completed (his work) yet.
b) He hasn't yet applied for the licence I told him about.
c) He is still in bed.
d) Has she come? Not yet.
e) The Jeep hasn't arrived yet.

Yet is normally placed after verb or after verb + Object. It the object consists of a large number of words yet can be placed before the verb also.
Example Still is placed after the verb 'be' but before other verbs.

4. Since/Ever Since -

Since and Ever since are used with Perfect Tenses. Since can be placed after the auxiliary or in end position after a negative or interrogative verb; Ever Since (adverb) is usually placed in end position.
Phrases and clauses with since and ever since are usually in end position though front position is also possible
Examples a) I first met her three years ago and have remembered her face ever since.
b) He's been in bed since his accident.

5. Somehow/Anyhow -

Somehow ( means in some way or other) can be placed in the front position or after a verb without object or after the object.
Examples a) Somehow they managed.
b) I wasn't qualified to apply for this job really but I got it anyhow.
Anyhow is an adverb of manner. It is often used to mean in any case/anyway.

6. Too –

Too is different from 'very' Too means 'excess' (more than enough' or more than necessary' or more than is wanted)
Example - He is too weak to walk.

We can use an infinitive structure after too+adjective/adverb/determiner. Example - She is too old to work.
If the infinitive has its own subject, this is introduced by for.
Example - It's too late for the shops to be opened.
The subject of a sentence with too can also be the object of the following infinitive . Object pronouns are not normally used after the infinitive in such cases.
Example – The water is too hot to drink. (Correct)
The water is too hot to drink it. (Incorrect)
However, object pronouns are possible in this atructures with for.

Example The water is too hot for us to drink (it).
The two possible meanings of sentences like.

Example a) He's too stupid to teach (=He's too stupid to be a teacher)
b) He's too stupid for anyone to teach (=He can't be taught.)

Too is not normally used before adjective +noun.
Example I put down the bag because it was too heavy. (Correct)
I put down the too heavy bag . (Incorrect)

In a rather formal style, 'too' can be used before adjective +a/an+noun.
Examples a) It's too cold a day to go out.
b) He was too clever a businessman to accept the offer initially. (It means: As a businessman he was too clever to accept the offer initially.)

7. Too/Too much

Before adjectives without nouns and before adverbs, we use too, not too much.
Examples a) You're too kind to me. (Correct)
You're too much kind to me. (Incorect)
b) I arrived too early. (Correct)
I arrived too much early (Incorrect)

8. Much/Very -

Generally, participles are modified by much and adjectives by very. Certain participles which have largely lost their verbal force and are felt to be adjectival however, take very
Examples a) The law has been much abused (Participle)
b) Her dress was much admired (Participle)
c) It is a very good book. (Adjective)
d) This is a very old building. (Adjective)
e) She is a very clever girl. (Adjective)

Conversely, participles used before a noun to make a compound adjective with a modifying adverb, take much a much abused privilege, a much travelled person, a much discussed question.

9. Seldom –

Seldom is an adverb. We may say I seldom go to London, but not my visits to London are seldom; for here we are treating the word as a predicative adjective. It can be used after a verb in this way (and then as an adverb) only in the following types of construction.
(i) After It is After It is (was), and followed by a that-clause in apposition to the anticipatory pronoun it.
Example – It is seldom that we get such an opportunity as this

Narration change

As you all know Direct and Indirect Questions play very important in SSC CGL Exams. This topics consist 25 questions in CGL Tier II which is very easy to grab these marks in their score. So Here we are providing you detailed rules of Direct & Indirect Speech which will be so helpful for Upcoming SSC Exams.

Direct and Indirect Speech Rules

There are two ways of reporting the words spoken by a person. We can reproduce the words exactly spoken or we can express in our own words the substance of what he said. The first of there method is called Direct speech or Direct Narration. The second is called Indirect Speech or Indirect Narration.

Example:

Direct Speech: Sandy said to his father, "I need more money".

Indirect Speech : Sandy told his father that he needed more money.

The exact words of the speaker which are put within inverted commas are called the Reported Speech.
The verb that introduces the Reported speech is called Reporting Verb. In the above example "said" is the reporting verb and "I need more money" is the reported speech.
The following points should be observed about these two modes of narration.

The Direct speech is always enclosed within inverted commas and it always begins with a capital letter. It is separated from the Reporting verb by a comma.
In the Indirect Speech, no inverted commas are used and no comma is used to separate the Reporting Verb from the Reported Speech.

TENSE CHANGE - IN - INDIRECT SPEECH

Present simple tense into Past simple
Present Continuous tense into Past continuous
Present Perfect tense into Pas perfect
Present Perfect Continuous into Past perfect continuous
Past simple into Past Perfect
Past Continuous into Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect into Past Perfect
Future simple, will into would
Future Continuous, will be into would be
Future Perfect, will have into would have

Universal truth or a habitual fact

a) If the Reported Speech expresses a universal truth or a habitual fact, its tense remains unchanged.

Examples:

The teacher said, "The earth revolves round the sun".
The teacher said that the earth revolves round the sun.
b) When the Reported Speech contains a time clause and both the main verb and the verb in

the time clause are the simple past, these verbs are left unchanged.

Example:

He said, "The boy stuck to his post till his father ordered him to leave".
He said that the boy stuck to his post till his father ordered him to leave.
However, if the main verb is in the simple past while the verb in the time clause as in past continuous, it is usual to change the main verb to past perfect and leave the verb in the time clause unchanged:

Example:

He said, "Asif slipped when he was trying to board a bus".
He said that Asif had slipped when he was trying to board a bus.
RULES FOR THE CHANGE OF PRONOUNS:

(a) First Person:

Pronouns of the first person are changed into pronouns of the same person as the person

of the subject of the Reporting Verb:

Example:

(i) I said, "I have done my home work".

I said the I had done my home work.

(ii) You said, "I have done my home work".

You said that you had done your home work.

(iii) He said, "I have done my home work".

He said that he had done his home work.

(b) Second Person:

Pronouns of the second person are changed into pronouns of the same person as that of

the object of the Reporting Verb:

Example:

The teacher said to me, "You have not done your work well".
The teacher told me that I had not done my work well.
(c) Third Person:

Pronouns of the third person generally remain unchanged:

Example:

I said to you, "He should not be trusted".
I told you that he should not be trusted.
When there are two or more third person pronouns in the Indirect Speech, the name of the person referred to by each may be written in brackets against each of them to avoid confusion:

Example:

The servant said to his master,"I have told you the truth and I can do no more".
The servant told his master that he had told him (master) the truth and he (servant) could do no more
One has to be little careful while changing the Personal Pronoun "we". "we" can be retained as "we" or changed to "you" or "they" depending upon the relationship of the speaker, the person(s) addressed and the person reporting the speech:

Example:

(i) He said to me, "We should have tried harder".

He told me that we should have tried harder.

(ii) He said to you, "We should have tried harder".

He told you that you should have tried harder.

Conversion of Interrogative Sentences

While changing the interrogative sentences into Indirect Speech, the following rules should be observed:

Change the Reporting Verb into ask, enquire, demand, wonder, want to know, etc.
Change the Interrogative form into the Assertive form and remove the sign of Interrogative
No conjunction is used when the sentence begins with question words like who, whose,
whom, what, which, when, why, where, how, etc.
Tenses, pronouns and words denoting nearness are changed according to the rules.
Example:

(i) She said to me, "What can I do for you, dear?"

She asked me affectionately what she could do for me.

(ii) The old man said to his son, "What harm have I done to you?"

The old man asked his son what harm he had done to him.

Present modals are changed to past modals

Indirect speech for sentence having MODALS, should, ought to, might, would, and could"

Important Little Chages Direct to Indirect

Conversion of Imperative Sentences

While changing the imperative sentences into Indirect Speech, the following rules

should be observed:

The Reporting Verb is changed into a verb signifying a command, request, advice.
Command can be expressed by the words command, order, tell, charge etc.
Request can be expressed by the words request, beg, ask, implore, entreat, desire,
beseech, solicited, etc.
Besides these words, forbid, persuade, incite, etc. May also be used according to the context.
The verb of the Reported Speech is changed into an Infinitive.
If the Reported Speech is negative, the word "not" is placed before the infinitive.
Tenses, pronouns and words denoting nearness are changed according to the rules.
Examples:

(i) He said to me, "Help him in setting the accounts".

He requested me to help him in setting the accounts.

(ii) My friend said to me, "Please accept this invitation".

My friend entreated me to accept that invitation.

(iii) The Doctor said to the patient, "Give up smoking".

The Doctor advised the patient to give up smoking.

(iv) The Commander said to his men, "March further".

The Commander urged his men to march further.

Conversion of Imperative Sentences with "Let"

"Let" is often used to make proposals in such cases, he said, " Let us do it" is changed to they suggested / proposed doing it or he suggested / proposed that they should do it.

Example:

(i) I said to my brother, "Let us go to some hill station for a change"

I suggested to my brother that we should go to some hill station for a change.

(ii) "Let us invite some friends to our son's birthday", said the father.

The father proposed that they should invite some friends to their son's birthday.

Conversion of Exclamatory and Optative Sentences

While converting exclamatory and Optative Sentences from Direct to Indirect Speech the following general rules have to be observed:

Rules 1:

In the case of exclamatory sentences the Reporting Verb is changed to exclaim with

sorrow/Joy/fear/anger, etc., applaud, regret, curse, coy out or any other such verb that properly

conveys the tone of exclamation.

Rules 2:

The Conjunction "that" is used to introduce the Reported Speech
Rules 3:

The Exclamatory sentence is changed into an assertive one before it is put
into Indirect Speech.

Rules 4:

Interjections and exclamations are omitted and their sense conveyed by means of adverbs
or adverbial phrases.

Rules 5:

Tenses, pronouns and words showing nearness are changed according to the rules already
stated.

Example:

1. "What a horrible sight!" we all exclaimed. (D.S.)

We all exclaimed that it was a very horrible sight. (I.S.)

2. "Alas! I have broken my brother's watch" said he.

He exclaimed sorrowfully that he had broken his brothers watch. (I.S.)

3. "How beautiful she is!" said Boon. (D.S.)

Boon exclaimed joyfully that she was very beautiful. (I.S.)

4. He said, "Just my luck! I never thought I would fail this time too"

He exclaimed that he was as usual unlucky and added that he had never thought he would

fail that time too.

Error correction

Dear Readers,

As you all know that Spotting Errors type of questions is the most important part of the SSC Exams. So we are providing you the Spotting Errors rules Part – I. These rules will be helpful for your upcoming Exams 2016. If you like it let us know.

1. 'No sooner' is followed by 'than'

(i) No sooner had I entered the class when the students stood up. (Incorrect)
(ii) No sooner had I entered the class than the students stood up. (Correct)

Note: The Sentence Form must be past perfect or past indefinite

2. More than one indicates a plural sense, but it is treated as a sort of compound of one. Thus it agrees with a singular noun and takes a singular verb.

Example:
(i) More than employees were killed in the accident. (Incorrect)
(ii) More than one employee was killed in the accident. (Correct)

3. It is common practice in conversation to make statement and ask for confirmation; as , 'it' is very hot, isn't it? Two points are to be kept in mind. If the statement is positive, the pattern will be

Auxiliary + n't + Subject

If the statement is negative, the pattern will be

Auxiliary + subject

Example:
(i) It is raining, is it? (Incorrect)
(ii) It is raining isn't it? (Correct)
(iii) You are not busy, aren't you? (Incorrect)
(iv) You are not busy, are you? (Correct)

4. 'The two first'is a meaningless expression for it implies that two things may be first. We should say 'the first two'.

Example:
(i) The two first chapters of novel are dull. (Incorrect)
(ii) The first two chapters of the novel are dull. (Correct)

5.'Only' should be placed immediately before the word it qualifies.

Example:
(i) He only lost his ticket in the stampede. (Incorrect)
(ii) Only he lost his ticket in the stampede. (Correct)

6. An infinitive verb should not be split.

Example:
(i) I request you to kindly help me. (Incorrect)
(ii) I request you kindly to help me. (Correct)

7. Care should be taken in the use of

Example:
(i) The doctor saw the pulse of the patient. (Incorrect)
(ii) The doctor felt the pulse of the patient. (Correct)

8. Scarcely should be followed by when, not by than.

(i) Scarcely had he arrived than he had to leave again. (Incorrect)
(ii) Scarcely had he arrived when he had to leave again. (Correct)

9. Till is used of time and to is used of place.

(i) The office will remain open to six in the evening. (Incorrect)
(ii) The office will remain open till six in the evening. (Correct)

10. The preposition "off" denotes "separation", "at a distance from" or "far from" whereas the preposition "of" denotes cause, origin, quality, possession.

(i) He put of his coat. (Incorrect)
(ii) He put off his coat. (Separation) (Correct)
(iii) He died off cancer. (Incorrect)
(iv) He died of cancer. (Cause) (Correct)

11. Beside means by the side of while besides means in additions to.

(i) He sat besides the chair. (Incorrect)
(ii) He sat beside the chair. (Correct)

12. Between is used for only two things or persons while among is used for more than two.

(i) You have to choose among tea and coffee. (Incorrect)
(ii) You have to choose between tea and coffee. (Correct)

13. Above and below merely denote position while over and under also carry a sense of covering or movement.

(i) The bird flew above the lake. (Incorrect)
(ii) The bird flew over the lake. (Correct)

14. During is used when we are talking about the time within which something happens. For is used when we are talking about how long something lasts.

(i) There were few incidents of irregularity for the Emergency years. (Incorrect)
(ii) There were few incidents of irregularity during the Emergency years. (Correct)

15. There are some nouns that indicate length, measure, money, weight or number. When they are preceded by a numeral, they remain unchanged in form.

Foot, meter, pair, score, dozen, head, year, hundred, thousand, million

(i) It is a three – years degree course. (Incorrect)
(ii) It is a three – year degree course. (Correct)

16. Some nouns are always used in a plural form and always take a plural verb.

Trousers, scissors, spectacles stockings, shorts measles, goods, alms, premises, tidings, annals, chattels, etc.

Example:

(i) Where is my trouser? (Incorrect)
(ii) Where are my trousers? (Correct)

17. A pronoun must agree with its antecedent in person, number and gender.

Example:

(i) Every man must bring his luggage.
(ii) All students must do their home work.
(iii) Each of the girls must carry her own bag.

18. The pronoun 'one' must be followed by 'one's'.

Example:

(i) One must finish his task on time. ( Incorrect)
(ii) One must finish one's task on time ( Correct)

19. 'Whose' is used for living persons and 'which' for lifeless objects.

Example:

(i) Which photograph is lying here? ( Incorrect)
(ii) Whose photograph is living there? ( Correct)

20. Use of 'less' and 'fewer'

Example:

'Less' denotes quantity and 'fewer' denotes number.

(i) No less than fifty persons were (In correct)
(ii) No fewer than fifty people were (Correct)

21.'One of' always takes a plural noun after it.

Example:

(i) It is one of the most important day in my life. (Incorrect)
(ii) It is one of the most important days in my life. (Correct)

22. Use of 'not only 'and 'but also 'examine the sentences given below.

Example:

(i) He not only comes for swimming but also for coaching the learners. (Incorrect)
(ii) He comes not only for swimming but also for coaching the learners. (correct)

23. Adverb 'as' is not used with verbs like 'appointed', 'elected' , 'considered', 'called' but it is used with 'regard'.

Example:
(i) I regard Ramesh my friend (Incorrect)
(ii) I regard Ramesh as my friend (Correct)

24. The case of the noun or pronoun preceding or succeeding the verb 'to be' should be the same.

Example:

(i) It is him who came to see us. (Incorrect)
(ii) It is he who came to see us. (Correct)
(iii) It is me who caught the thief . (Incorrect)
(iv) It is I who caught the thief. (Correct)

25. Neither is followed by nor, not by

(i) The phone neither went dead or worked properly. (Incorrect)
(ii)The phone neither went dead nor worked properly. Correct)

Spelling correction

Dear Aspirant,

Today we are providing you all with some Spelling Correction Rules in English Grammar for the SSC CGL Tier 1 Exam. It is very important to have an understanding these rules in English Grammar. We hope that you will like our post.

10 Golden Rules on Spelling Correction in English Grammar

Rule 1: When the suffix "full" is added to a word, one " I" is removed.

Eg-

Faith + full = faithful
Use + full= useful
Rule 2: If the word to which the suffix "full" is added ends in "ll", one "I" is removed from the word also.

Eg:

Skill +full = skilful
Will + full= wilful
Rule 3: Words of two or three syllables ending in single vowel + single consonant double the final consonant if the last syllable is stressed. Eg-

Permit + ed = permitted
Occur + ing =occurring
Control + ed =controlled
Begin + ing = beginning
Rule 4: Consonant 'I' is doubled in the words ending in single vowel + "I" before a suffix beginning with a vowel eg.

Signal + ing = signalling
Repel + ent = repellent
Quarrel + ed = quarrelled
Travel + er = traveller
Rule 5: Words ending in silent "e", drop the "e" before a suffix beginning with a vowel eg.

Hope + ing = hoping
Live + ed = lived
Drive + er = driver
Tire + ing= tiring
Rule 6: If the suffix begins with a consonant "e" is not dropped e.g

Hope + full = hopeful
Sincere + ly= sincerely
But,

True + ly = truly
Nine + th = ninth
Argue + ment = argument
Rule 7: A final "y" following a consonant changes to "i" before a suffix except "ing". Eg.

Carry + ed = carried
Happy + ly = happily
Marry + age = marriage
Beauty + full = beautiful
But,

Marry + ing = marrying
Carry + ing = carrying
Rule 8: A final "y" following a vowel does not change before a suffix. Eg:

Obey + ed = obeyed
Play + er = player
Pray + ed= prayed
Rule 9: When the suffix "out" is added to a word ending in "ce", "e" is changed to "i".

Eg:

Space + ous= spacious
Vice + ous= vicious
Malice + ous = malicious
Grace + ous= gracious
Rule 10: When the suffix "ing" is added to a word ending in "ie", "ie" is changed to "y".

Eg;

Lie + ing= lying
Die + ing = dying
Tie + ing= tying

All the best for your exam

Team GradeUp

Voc

A very good morning to all,…

Here we are with our next article based on current news which contains some difficult words, we will highlight and explain those words in order to improve your vocabulary skills and to have a good command on English language section. Hope this will help you with your preparation. From now on we are going to provide the link of the article. You can go through the article by clicking on the link. Below here you will get the 10 important words from the article which will help you to excel in the exam.

Article : Bolstering growth amid risks

Click here to read article from THE HINDU

Meaning of the words highlighted in the article

1. Benchmark (noun) (बेंचमार्क) – a standard or point of reference against which things may be compared

Synonyms – gauge, criterion

Antonyms – guess

Ex: It is about what stays as the defining benchmark of all.

2. Consensus (noun) (आम सहमति)– a general agreement

Synonyms – accord, harmony

Antonyms – denial, discord

Ex: There was consensus however on one point.

3. Articulating (verb) (सुस्त)– pronounce (something) clearly and distinctly

Synonyms – enunciate, utter

Antonyms – bumble, disconnect

Ex: The president is known for his ability to articulate his thoughts in front of millions of people.

4. Rationale (noun) (तर्क)– a set of reasons or a logical basis for a course of action or belief

Synonyms – principle, motivation

Antonyms – discouragement, reality

Ex: He explained the rationale behind the change.

5. Bleaker (adjective) (उजाड़) – (of an area of land) lacking vegetation and exposed to the elements

Synonyms – desolate, deserted

Antonyms – sympathetic, appealing

Ex: In the winter the landscape is bleak and the house is drafty.

6. Lucidity (noun) (स्पष्टता)– free from obscurity and easy to understand; the comprehensibility of clear expression

Synonyms – clarity, purity

Ex: While my uncle is usually in a senile state, he will occasionally have lucidity.

7. Flagging (verb) (चिह्नित करना) – mark (an item) for attention or treatment in a specified way

Synonyms – sagging, drooping

Antonyms – energized, refreshed

Ex: It was a large room with stone flagging on the floor.

8. Trajectory (noun) (प्रक्षेपवक्र)– the path followed by a projectile flying or an object moving under the action of given forces

Synonyms – orbit, direction

Ex: The ship continued on its trajectory.

9. Augur (verb) (शकुनश)– (of an event or circumstance) portend a good or bad outcome

Synonyms – diviner, herald

Ex: Diminishing gas prices augur a high amount of road travel on the upcoming holiday.

10. Harsher (adjective) (कठोर)– unpleasantly rough or jarring to the senses

Synonyms – rigid, clashing

Antonyms – gentle, polite

Ex: His voice was harsh, but his expression was all hurt.

Word of the Day

Rigorous

Meaning (English) – extremely thorough and careful

Meaning (Hindi) – कठिन

Synonyms – precise, strict

Antonyms – mild, lenient

Example – It took just 3 months to complete the trial and the judge pronounced a 14 year rigorous imprisonment for killing his wife mercilessly.

उदाहरण – मुकदमे की कार्रवाई को पूरा करने के लिए केवल 3 महीने लगे और न्यायधीश ने उसे अपनी पत्नी की निर्दयतापूर्वक हत्या करने के लिए 14 वर्ष के सश्रम कारावास की सजा सुनाई।

Conjunction

In continuation to the post we provided you on Important Rules of Subject – Verb Agreement, today we are providing you all with some Important Notes & Rules of Conjunctionsfor the upcoming SSC Exam 2016. It is very important to have an understanding of the usage of Conjunctions and their usage in English Grammar. So, we hope that you will like our post.

Important Rules of Conjunctions

A Conjunction is a word which connects two words, two phrases or two sentences.

Example: – I know the girl who is at the door. (This sentence means the girl standing at the door I know her.)

I know the girl, who is at the door. (This sentence means I know the girl and right now she is standing at the door.)

The former is an example of complex sentence while the later is a compound sentence.

Compound Sentence

When two independent clauses are connected by a co-ordinate conjunction.

When a coordinating conjunction connects two independent clauses, it is often (but not always) accompanied by a comma:

Raj wants to play football for his school, but he has had trouble meeting the academic requirements.
Hemingway and Fitzgerald are among the American expatriates of the between-the-wars era.
Hemingway was renowned for his clear style and his insights into American notions of male identity.
Co-ordinate conjunction are:-

FANBOYS: For-And-Nor-But-Or-Yet-So.

Complex Sentence

When a dependent clause is connected to a principal clause by a sub-ordinate conjunction.

A Subordinating Conjunction (sometimes called a dependent word or subordinator) comes at the beginning of a Subordinate (or Dependent) Clause and establishes the relationship between the dependent clause and the rest of the sentence.

Because he loved acting, he refused to give up his dream of being in the movies.
Unless we act now, all is lost

Some Important Rules

A) As soon as the teacher entered the class, everyone fell in silence.
No sooner did the teacher enter the class than everyone fell in silence.
Hardly/scarcely did the teacher enter the class when everyone fell in silence.
No sooner had the teacher entered the class than everyone fell in silence.
In the above examples all three modified sentences of above example are correct.

After No sooner we always use than as a conjunction.
After Hardly/scarcely we always use when as conjuction.
No sooner, hardly or scarcely is always followed by a helping verb.
The verb of the remaining sentence remains same.
B) Unless/Untill
These are used in negative sense.
They come in the place of "if….. not…."
Unless is used for condition and until for time.
If you do not work hard, you will not succeed.
Unless you work hard, you will not succeed.
If you do not reach the airport on time, you will miss the flight.
Until you reach the airport on time, you will miss the flight.
C) Lest
It is used in negative sense.
It replace "so that……not….."
Lest when used in Active sentence is followed by should.
And in passive sentences is followed by should be.
Be careful lest you should be robbed again.
Hurry up lest you should miss the bus.
D) Although/Though
It is used in conjunction with (,/,yet/yet).
Avoid using but/still with although/though.
Two opposite statements are used with it.
Although he is poor,/yet/,yet he is happy.
He is poor still he is happy.(Correct- as although/though is not used)
E) As if/As though
It is followed by were.
And always second form of verb is used.
He behaves as if he were my boss.
He speaks Hindi as though he knew the subject well.
F) Amongst
Used for more than two.
Followed by us/and
Prizes should be distributed amongst us.
The advocates leaked the matter amongst the
G) The reason/The reason why
It is followed by that.
Avoid using because/because of etc.
The reason why he failed in the exam is because he did not work hard.
(Replace because with that)

The reason for his failure is that he is not working hard.
H) Whoever/Whomever
We will hire him. He is most qualified.
We will hire whoever is most qualified.
We will hire him. You recommend him.
We will hire whomever you recommend.
Whoever is elected will serve a four year term.
Whomever you elect will serve a four year term.
Thank You!

Q tag

SSC Aspirants must have come across many questions to complete the question tags. This may be easy for some of you while difficult for others. So, let us make it easy for all of you through these Rules of Question Tag in English Grammar which will make these questions very easy for you to answer. We hope the post will be helpful for the upcoming SSC & other Competitive Exams

Golden Rules of Question Tags in English Grammar

The sentence and the question tag must be in the same tense.
For negative question tag, use the Contracted form of 'helping verb' and 'not' .E.g didn't, hadn't, won't etc
If the Sentence is positive, the question tag must be negative and vice versa.
Always use pronoun in the question tag.
Rule-1: Some words are negative in meaning . For e.g. hardly, seldom, scarcely, rarely, barely etc. Hence they will take positive question tag after them.

E.g.- He hardly does any work, does he?
He found barely anything to eat , did he?
He is seldom absent, is he?
Rule-2:If a sentence starts with "There", the question tag will have "there" in the place of pronoun.

E.g- There is no water , is there?
There were no good schools in the town, were there?
Rule-3: Question tag is always made in accordance with the main part of the sentence.

E.g- I think, he is right, isn't he? (Here 'I think' is not important and hence it is not the main part of the sentence".
Rule- 4 : There is no contracted form of 'am not' but 'aren't' is used in question tag.

Eg- I am fine, aren't I?
Rule-5 : Each, every, everyone, everybody, no one, nobody, none are singular and hence will take singular verb/ singular pronoun/ singular adjective with them but their question tag will take plural verb and plural pronoun.

E.g- Everyone has come, hasn't he ( Incorrect)
Everyone has come, haven't they (correct)
None of your friends like her, do they
Everyone can speak English, can't they?
Rule-6: If the sentence starts with "let us/ let's ", " shall we" is used in the question.

E.g.- Let us go to party tonight, shall we?
Rule-7: In Imperative sentences, question tag 'won't you' is used.

E.g- come in, won't you?
Rule-8: Collective noun takes singular verb and singular pronoun in question tag.

E.g.- The jury has taken its decision, hasn't it?
Rule-9: If we talk about the individual members of the collective noun or if there is a difference in opinion among the members of the collective noun, plural verb and plural pronoun are used.

E.g.- The comm are divided in their opinion, aren't they?
The audience have taken their seats, haven't they?
Rule-10: If in a imperative sentence, somebody is being offered anything, or if someone is being asked to do something, "will you/ would you" is used in the question tag.

E.g- Open the door, would you?
Have some more tea, would you?
We hope that the post would have cleared all your doubts related to the topic.

More form Us:
Short Tricks to Remember Gk section Part - I for SSC Exam
Important Notes & Short Tricks on Trigonometric Identities

Sandeep Baliyan!

Tuesday, 4 October 2016

Ibps

The much awaited IBPS CWE PO/MT Notification for recruitment of 8822 posts.Applications for the post of Probationary Officer for the various nationalised banks of IBPS are now open and prelims is scheduled in the mid of October.Candidates will be screened in a Preliminary Round. The screened candidates will appear for the Mains Round afterwards; followed by an Interview Round.

For 8822 posts there is cut through competition to get final selection you have to make your study plan.As Benjamin Franklin said "If you fail to plan you plan to fail" hence here we are going to share with you study plan for 8 weeks.

Download IBPS PO Bundle here

Study Schedule of 8 weeks

Our study schedule is based on 1:3 ratio pattern i.e. suppose if you will invest daily 3hrs on study then you should divide that 3hrs into 1 hr for learning concept and 3 hrs of practice (Maintain this ratio according to your study hrs.)

Week 1

Subject

Topic

Hrs.

English

Reading Comprehension

Daily 1 passage (8 weeks)

Reasoning

Blood Relations and
Coding Decoding

Daily 2 hrs.

Quantitative Aptitude

BODMAS,Simplification & Number Series,Speed, Distance and Time

Daily 2 hrs.(Daily 1 topic)

Practice Test

Topic wise test and analysis

Daily

Week 2

Subject

Topic

Hrs.

English

Reading Comprehension,

Grammar & Sentence Correction

Daily 1 passage (8 weeks),

1 hr Daily

Reasoning

Puzzles,Seating Arrangements

Daily 2 hrs.

Quantitative Aptitude

Problem on Ages,
Percentage,
Profit and Loss,
Simple & Compound Interest

Daily 2 topic

Practice Test

Topic wise test and analysis

Daily

Week 3

Subject

Topic

Hrs.

English

Reading Comprehension,

Para Jumbles

Daily 1 passage (8 weeks),

1 hr Daily

Reasoning

Syllogism

1.5 hrs. Daily

Quantitative Aptitude

Quadratic Equations

1 hr. Daily

Practice Test

Topic wise test and analysis

Daily

Week 4

Subject

Topic

Hrs.

English

Reading Comprehension,

Grammar

Daily 1 passage (8 weeks),

1 hr Daily

Reasoning

Inequalities

1 hr Daily

Quantitative Aptitude

Time & Work,
Average,Allegations
Ratio & Proportion

1-2 hrs. Daily

Practice Test

Topic wise test and analysis

Daily

Week 5

Subject

Topic

Hrs.

English

Reading Comprehension,

Cloze Test

Daily 1 passage (8 weeks),

1 hr Daily

Reasoning

Direction sense,

Input - Output

Daily 2 hrs.

Quantitative Aptitude

Probability
Permutation & Combination

Daily 1 hr.

Practice Test

Topic wise test and analysis

Daily

Week 6

Subject

Topic

Hrs.

English

Reading Comprehension,

Fill the blanks(Double filler)

Daily 1 passage (8 weeks),

1 hr Daily

Reasoning

Critical and Analytical Reasoning

Daily 1-2 hrs.

Quantitative Aptitude

Data Interpretation

Daily 1-1.5 hrs

Practice Test

Topic wise test and analysis

Daily

Week 7

Subject

Topic

Hrs.

English

Reading Comprehension

Revision

Daily 1 passage (8 weeks),

1 hr Daily

Reasoning

Revision

Daily 2 hrs

Quantitative Aptitude

Revision

Daily 2 hrs

Practice Test

Topic wise test and analysis

Daily

Week 8

Subject

Topic

Hrs.

Mock test

Full length mock test with in detail analysis + Removal of error for whole week.

Daily 1 hr. for actual test +Time for analysis.

Preparation Tips

Byheart shortcut method and formula use it in mock test
Decide what to attempt and what to not in mock only
Note down your attempt in each mock and try to improve it day by day
Be serious for each and every mock
All the Best

English

Hey Everyone!!!! Just like we need a balanced mixture of all the ingredients to make a perfect dish, similarly we need a balance between subjects and verbs in a sentence. So, today let's learn to establish an agreement between subject and verb which is commonly called Subject-Verb-Agreement.

We know that a sentence is made of different components like nouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives, preposition, articles etc. Subject-verb-agreement is basically is a relationship between the subject and verb of a sentence. We are going to give you some very basic rules to keep in mind while making a sentence.

#Rule 1

A singular subject takes a singular verb.

#Rule 2

A plural subject takes a plural verb.
Singular subject refers to a single noun or pronoun.

Singular

Plural

A dog barks.

Dogs bark.

A girl dances beautifully.

Girls dance beautifully.

It has three sections

These have three sections.

He is playing hockey.

They are playing hockey.

'I' is used as a singular subject, but it always takes a plural verb or singular verb.

I am busy. (Singular verb)

I have a pen. (Plural verb)

I was a student. (Singular verb)

'You' is used as a singular noun or plural noun, but it always takes a plural verb.

You are busy. (Plural verb)

You have studied English. (Plural verb)

You were going to market. (Plural verb)

#Rule 3

'Need not' and 'dare not' are used in plural form always whether the subject is plural or singular. 'To' is not used after need not and dare not.

He need not go there.

They need not go there

He dare not oppose his father.

They dare not oppose their father.

But needs and dares are used with singular subjects, while need and dare are used with plural subjects. 'To' can be used after dares and needs.

He needs some money.

They need some money.

He dares to face the challenge.

They dare to face the challenge.

#Rule 4

If two singular nouns are joined by 'and' and used as the subject, it takes plural verb.

Ram and Shyam are friends.

Ravi and Mani have played well.

A man and a woman are walking in the park.

Exception- Pair words like bread and butter, bag and baggage, rice etc. are considered singular nouns/subjects and always take singular verb.

Rice and curry is my favourite.

His bag and baggage is ready.

If two singular uncountable nouns used as subject are joined by 'and', then plural verb is used.

But if we are referring family relations, then we use plural verbs.

Time and tide wait for none.

Sun and moon provide energy.

Gold and silver are expensive metals.

My mother and father are very loving.

My brother and sister are living in Delhi.

#Rule 5

If two singular nouns/adjectives are joined by 'and' and the first noun is preceded by an article (a/an/the) or possessive pronouns (my, her, his, their etc.), then we use singular verb.

The teacher and student has attended the meeting.

My uncle and guardian was very generous and kind.

A writer and poet visits the art gallery.

A black and white dog was playing in the ground.

#Rule 6

If two singular nouns/adjectives joined by 'and' and both the nouns are preceded by an article or possessive pronoun, then we use plural verb.

The teacher and the student have attended the meeting.

My uncle and my guardian are very generous and kind.

A writer and a poet visit the art gallery.

A black and a black dog were playing in the ground.

#Rule 7

If two or more than two singular nouns are joined by 'and' and each is used before first noun, then we use singular verb.

Each shirt and pant is black.

Each boy and girl is intelligent.

Each of + plural noun/plural pronoun takes singular verb.

Each of the students is hardworking.

Each of them has a blue shirt.

#Rule 8

Plural noun/plural pronoun + each takes plural verb.

The students each have an English book.

They each have a motorbike.

#Rule 9

Either/neither is used as a subject and takes a singular verb.

There are two books, either is good.

There are two rooms, neither has an air-conditioner.

#Rule 10

Either/neither + singular countable noun refers to singular subject and takes a singular verb.

Either pen writes well.

Neither boy is intelligent.

#Rule 11

Noun + of + noun is used then we take verb according to the first noun.

The students of my class are intelligent.

The son of John is very innocent.

So, these are the basic subject verb agreement rules. Hope you all will try to prepare these and in our next post of English Grammar, we will try to describe you some more rules. Keep practicing!!!!!

Monday, 3 October 2016

PTET - এ যারা RTI করতে চান তাদের জন্য আমার ক্ষুদ্র প্রয়াস।

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-- Thanks all

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THE STATE PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICER ( SPIO)

C/O: Secretary & Ex-officio SPIO

West Bengal Board of Primary Education

“Acharya Prafulla Chandra Bhavan”

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Ref:Memo No. 2150/BPE/2016 166L/TET/2014 Date: 14.09.2016

SUB: Request for information under Right To Information Act ,2005

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It is prayed that your gracious honour and lordship may deem fit and proper to provide the information as above within the statutory period prescribed under RTI ACT, 2005.

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DATE : 17/09/2016

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