PARAGRAPH

PARAGRAPH

Paragraphs for MP
Paragraphs on visits and trips (6):
1. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) about A Visit To A Place of Historic Interest. Use the following points : [ Date and time of departure – place of visit – details of the journey – friends and relations with you – interesting sights and scenes]
[M.P. 1997]
A VISIT TO A PLACE OF HISTORIC INTEREST
On last Puja vacation I went to visit Agra. It was the fifth of October. My parents and I myself made the team. In the evening we got into a second-class compartment of Kalka Mail from Howrah. At 7-05 p.m. the train steamed off and picked up speed. I had a chance to sit by the window. The train sped through green fields, hamlets, coal fields and small hills. I kept looking through the open window at the full moon. The train ran on and on and “in the twinkling of an eye painted stations” whistled by. At dawn we reached our destination. Even from the station we could feel the majestic Tajmahal - the wonder in white marble beckoning us. At Agra we put up in a hotel for seven days. Everyday we visited one or the other historic mansion. We visited the Agra Fort made of red sandstone and the tomb of Akbar at Sekendrabad. We visited the fort of Fatehpur Sikri at the outskirt of Agra. At once History became a reality. In a word, our visit to Agra was an unforgettable experience.
2. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) on : ‘A Short Trip To A Place’. Use the following points :
[ Introduction – date of visit – spot visited – your companion(s) – mode of transport – sight seeing your impression – conclusion]
[M.P. 2004]
A SHORT TRIP TO A PLACE
On some occasions unexpected things happen in our life. Last Friday, the 25th of December, my maternal uncle came to our house. He was going to Kolkata, the capital city, on a short trip to meet someone. I insisted on joining him. He agreed to take me with him. My mother also consented to leave me with him. We boarded the Bongaon-Sealdah local from Bongaon and reached Kolkata in about two hours. In Kolkata we had our lunch at a hotel. Then my uncle went to meet the person in a shop. After half an hour, he returned. Then we hired a taxi and made a trip round the city. We visited the Kolkata Zoo, the Victoria Memorial Hall, the Kolkata Museum, the Nicco Park, the Science City, the Birla Planetarium, the Town Hall, the Howrah Bridge, the Second Hooghly Bridge, and the Raj Bhawan etc. We had also rides on Metro Rail and Circular Rail. It was really a pleasure-trip. We made our journey back home with an unforgettable experience of the trip treasured in the heart of our hearts.
3. Write a paragraph on ‘A Visit To A Hill Station’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – place visited – time of the year – companions – sights seen – conclusion]
A VISIT TO A HILL STATION
In last summer vacation my parents thought of making a trip to somewhere. We sat together to select the spot. We discussed many spots and finally selected Darjeeling. My father had only seven day’s leave from his office. So we could not make a trip to distant places. Moreover, during summer any hill station was our first choice. We first reached Siliguri by Super fast Darjeeling Mail from Sealdah. From there we went to Darjeeling by toy train. As I looked out of the window, the sight of the hills and the greeneries spread over them fascinated my eyes. In the evening we reached Ghoom Station, the highest station on earth and put up in a timber-built hotel. Next day we went to see the sunrise on Tiger Hill. The celestial and phenomenal beauty of the wonderful sight made me spellbound for sometime. We also visited Rock Garden, Gangamaiya Park, Tea Garden, Batasi Loop, Seven Points and the Zoo. The visit to Darjeeling made me understand why it is called the ‘Queen of Hills’.
4. Write a paragraph on ‘A Visit To the Sea-side Town’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – place visited – time of the year – companions – sights seen – conclusion]
A VISIT TO THE SEASIDE TOWN
During the last Puja vacation, I, along with my family, made a trip to Puri. We boarded Sri Jagannath Express from Howrah and reached Puri next morning. We had made an advanced booking for accommodation in a room in Hotel Seaview facing the sea and so we did not have to face the problem of lodging in that pick season of tourism. The vast sea with the waves rolling towards the shore fascinated my eyes. It seemed to me that the sea-waves were time and again coming towards the shore to take blessed touch of the holy feet of Lord Jagannath. The sight simply made me spellbound. In the evening as I sat on the beach, I was amazed to see how the sea was changing its colour in the bright moonlight. It was really a hilarious experience to have a dip in the sea at the feet of Lord Jagannath. One day we visited the temple of Lord Jagannath and offered our pujas to Him. We also visited the Konark and Lingaraj temple, Udaygiri and Khandagiri. On the whole, it was a wonderful journey.
5. Write a paragraph on ‘Visit To A Village Fair’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Introduction – occasion if any – various stalls – cultural programme – shows and exhibitions – chief attractions – conclusion]
VISIT TO A VILLAGE FAIR
Village fairs have still kept up their craze. Almost all the villages organise fairs at least once in a year. Once I had a chance to visit such a village fair with my parents. It was ‘Bibhuti Mela’. It was held every year in memory of the famous Bengali author Bibhutibhusan Bandyopadhyay. On reaching the fair ground, I saw a sea of human heads. Numerous stalls were erected round the ground. Some were selling domestic articles, some agricultural instruments and some handloom textiles. Stationery and sweetmeat shops were also stalled. In the centre of the fair ground there was a stage for performance of cultural programme. Exhibitions on science, art and craft, agro-products etc. were also arranged for. But the chief attractions of the fair were merry-go-round, circus party and toy train. There were also stalls for fast food and palatable snacks. It was a meeting ground of the old and the young, the rich and the poor. It was really a wonderful experience. It impressed me very much.
6. Write a paragraph on ‘Visit To A Book Fair’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – name of the fair visited – short description – chief attractions – personal purchase – conclusion]
VISIT TO A BOOK FAIR
Book fairs have still kept up their popularity. They are book-lovers’ paradise till today. Almost all the district towns organise book fairs at least once in a year. Last year I had a chance to visit Kolkata Book Fair held at the Yubo Bharati Krirangan. It was a sea of literati agog with enthusiasm. At least 50 publishers from home and abroad set up stalls there. Books on various subjects were thrown open to the hungry book-lovers. Arrangement of cultural functions, seminars and felicitations of noted litterateurs in the fair made it colourful and attractive too. Moreover, many contemporary writers, novelists and poets like Sunil Gangopadhyay, Joy Goswami, Sankha Ghosh et al. were present in the fair to boost up the sale of their recent creations. I visited several stalls to touch, skim and browse through various books – an opportunity so rare outside the fair. However, I left the fair for home tired but happy buying a copy of ‘Thakumar Jhuli’ for my little sister and a copy of Harry Potter for me.
Or,
VISIT TO A BOOK FAIR
A book fair is a book-lovers’ paradise. It draws a vast crowd every year from far and near. Last year I had a chance to visit a book fair. On a January evening I visited the Kolkata Book Fair at Yuba Bharati Krirangan with some of my friends. At least 50 publishers from home and abroad took part in the fair. They displayed their publications in different stalls. Hungry book-lovers thronged the stalls. There was also arrangement for open air function. Moreover, many contemporary writers were present in the fair to boost up the business of their recent creations. I visited several stalls. I touched, skimmed and browsed through various books, but purchased a few – a copy of ‘Thakumar Jhuli’ for my little sister and a copy of Harry Potter for me. Such an opportunity outside the fair is hardly available. An unending stream of visitors in colourful dresses made the fair a veritable festival. I took some snacks in a fast food stall. I returned home with a stronger desire to visit it once again.
Paragraphs on science-related topics (6):
1. Write a paragraph on ‘Science in everyday life’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Science reigns supreme in our daily life – constant companion from dawn to dusk – hardships of life minimised – pleasures of life increased – misuse of science – war taken place – man, not science held responsible for this]
SCIENCE IN EVERYDAY LIFE
This is an age of science. Today wherever we cast our eyes, we see the benign touch of science everywhere. It is now our constant companion from dawn to dusk. Our morning breaks with toothbrush and toothpaste. Then we enjoy the cup of morning tea with a newspaper in hand. Next we get prepared for the place of our work dressing up in iron-pressed clothes after a delicious dish cooked on heaters or ovens. We reach the place of our work by bus, train or taxi. In offices we have lifts to avoid staircases. On return home we can refresh our mind by enjoying programmes on TV, CD or DVD. We can have a sound sleep even during summer nights with fans over our heads. We have also wonderful drugs to combat diseases. Telephone or fax has made our communication easy. Thus science has increased the pleasures of our daily life by minimising its hardship. Regrettably, man’s lust for power has led him to misuse science to wage war. But for this, man, and not science is held responsible.
2. Write a paragraph on ‘Science in the service of man’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Science gives us dominant place on earth – how it serves us today and changes our society – conclusion]
SCIENCE IN THE SERVICE OF MAN
Man has won his dominant position on this planet by command of science. Thanks to science, he has harnessed all the forces hidden in nature and utilised them for the welfare of mankind. It has given him so many things to live more comfortably. Electric light, fan, pressure cooker, refrigerator, air-cooler, heater etc. have added to his comfort. Radio, TV and cinema have given him pleasure and amusement. Quick means of travel like aeroplanes, trams, trains, buses etc. have made the world very small. Science has also given him various machines and saved him from manual labour. Medical science has almost immortalised man by making all diseases curable. Telephone, telegraph, Internet etc. have enabled him to communicate globally. Thus science serves man with comfort, pleasure and security. It has also driven away ignorance, superstition and fear from his mind. So life without science is impossible. But science is not an unmixed boon. So we should always make its proper use.
3. Write a paragraph on ‘Computer’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – why necessary – training at school – students benefited – life easy with computer – conclusion]
COMPUTER
Computer is a wonderful gift of modern science. It has brought a revolution to our life. Life has become smooth sailing for all of us due to the reign of computer in every sphere of our life. For speed and accuracy in work, it has no alternative. Thanks to computer, exam-results, admit-cards of examinations, pass certificates, registration cards, passbooks of banks, reservations of railway and plane tickets or the like become computerised. Higher study or research work in any principle is absolutely impossible without Internet in computer. Besides, computer-trained personnel are of great demand in today’s job market. So learning of computer is essential in today’s context. The Govt. has realised this truth. So arrangements for training of computer have been made at schools in right earnest. The student community will be benefited a lot from this training. They will find their life easy with computer in future. It will open up new avenues of job opportunities and solve the problem of unemployment.
4. Write a paragraph on ‘Good and Bad Sides of TV’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Introduction – good sides – bad sides – conclusion]
GOOD AND BAD SIDES OF TV / TELEVISION : ITS USES AND ABUSES
Of all the gifts of science, Television is perhaps the most popular. It is now a household word. It is not only a source of entertainment but also a powerful medium of instruction. It is the gayest companion to a modern man. It soothes his tired mind by news and views, songs and music, games and sports, films and dramas and so on. It introduces him to the world outside by bringing it into the drawing room. TV supplies expert opinion for the farmers, warns the fishermen against a possible natural disaster and easily detects crime. But TV is not all good. It has some dark sides too. The students are worst-hit by this idiot box. It steals much of their valuable time for reading. They neglect their studies to remain glued to the TV screen. It also makes people unsocial and irresponsible. Besides too much televiewing is bad for the eyes. Above all, vulgarity and violence shown on certain TV channels eat into the vitals of the young generation. So all we need is its proper and judicious use.
5. Write a paragraph on ‘Mobile Phone – its uses and abuses’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Gift of modern technology – its various uses and misuses – should be properly used to derive benefits]
MOBILE PHONE – ITS USES AND ABUSES
Mobile phone is the wonderful gift of modern technology. This electronic device has a great use to all for whom time is a factor. Even when travelling, we can keep contact with our near and dear ones at home with it. Besides, we can send greetings to our friends and relations on special occasions through it. A web-enabled cellphone gives us easy access to the vast world of knowledge through Internet. Again, it has made calculation and conversion of figures so easy. But it has some dark sides too. It is dangerous to use mobile phone while driving a car or crossing a road. The students often neglect their studies making its unnecessary use. Sometimes they access some vulgar websites through it and demoralise themselves. It is a matter of concern that several crimes are now taking place very easily with the help of mobile phone. Finally, excessive use of mobile phone may cause various health hazards. So we should make its wise and proper use to enjoy its multi-various benefits.
Or,
USE AND ABUSE OF MOBILE PHONES
Mobile phone is the latest wonder of modern science. It is an improvised form of a telephone. A telephone is fixed and so cannot be moved. But a mobile phone is portable. It can be easily carried. Information and message can be sent from anywhere to anybody through a mobile phone. Besides, it has other uses too. It can be used in
listening to music, snapping pictures, getting updates of games of our choice. It can also be used in accessing Internet and making calculation and conversion of figures easily. But it has some demerits too. It is often used in gossiping and talking non-sense. Use of a mobile phone while driving a car or crossing a road may cause serious accident. The students often access vulgar websites through it and abuse their vitality. It is a matter of grave concern that terrorists often use it to achieve their evil ends. Finally, excessive use of mobile phone may cause various health hazards. So we should make its wise and proper use to enjoy its multi-various benefits.
6. Write a paragraph on Reading Books Vs Watching TV in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Reading books : Wide subject-matter – No time limit – Scope for imagination – Free choice of subject-matters and private activities– Watching TV : – Limited programmes – Limited time – Mainly visual effect – No choice of programme – No private activity]
READING BOOKS VS WATCHING TV
There is a sharp contrast between reading books and watching TV. The influences of both on us are wide and deep. On the television we see limited programmes in limited time. But in books we get a large variety of reading materials, and there is no restriction about time. On the television we have mainly visual effect. We can see and also hear. But while reading we get time to think. So there is a great scope for imagination. Moreover, television programmes are stereotyped. We can have no choice here. We have to see whatever the channels show. So we have to depend on the respective channel for programmes. Besides, they affect our social activities. But in books we have free choice of subject-matters to feed our taste and fancy. They not only influence our private life but also lead us to various social activities. Thus both reading books and watching television have their respective influences in our life. But to me reading books is of greater importance than watching television.
Paragraphs on favourites (7):
1. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) on Your Favourite Teacher. You may use the following points : [Name of the teacher – subject he/she teaches – qualities of the teacher that you admire – how he/ she has inspired you]
[M.P. 2008]
MY FAVOURITE TEACHER
To me, all teachers are respected. But among them Monotosh Sarkar, our teacher of English, is favourite to me. He has influenced me very much. He is well versed in his subject. When he teaches, he presents the subject very lively. He forgets himself and approaches the students like a friend. So even the backbenchers do not find it difficult to understand him. So they can prepare their lessons easily. Apart from being a good teacher, his pleasant manner, amicable nature and sense of responsibility charm me most. I approach him not only for academic reasons but also for his wise advice. Whenever I face any problem, he goes to him. He gives me a patient hearing and solves it easily in the wink of an eye. He inspires me to be a good man than a good student. I regard him as my Guru. I feel proud to be his student. Truly speaking, he deserves to be made example of to all the teachers. I think such a noble teacher like him is of utmost need for the welfare of the student community.
2. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) on Your Favourite Season / The Season You Like Most / The Season of Autumn / Autumn in Bengal. You may use the following points :
[ Introduction – unique position of Autumn in the cycle of season – its span – its natural beauty and attraction – a season of festivals – why you like most]
THE SEASON OF AUTUMN / MY FAVOURITE SEASON / THE SEASON I LIKE MOST
Six seasons adorn Bengal in a cyclic order. In that cycle of seasons autumn holds a unique position. It comes after the rainy season and lasts till early November. With the leave of nagging rain, autumn appears in Bengal with beauty and attraction of its own. The sky turns deep blue. The white clouds begin to float there like masses of cotton. At night “ Haply the moon is on her throne / Clustered around by all her starry fays ” in the clear sky. In the morning dew-drops on every grass-blade look like gems. The ‘Seulis’ fall like showers of rain every morning and literally make beds of flowers. The sight of white catkins - the ‘Kash’ flowers in the wilderness conveys a message of arrival of Durga Puja - the greatest festival of the Bengalees. It is soon followed by Laxmi Puja, Kali Puja, ‘Deepavali’, ‘Bhatridwitiya’ etc. The Muslims have also their great festivals - Muharam, Ramjan and Iduzzoha. All this makes me a fond devotee of autumn. So I like autumn most. This is my favourite season.
3. Write a paragraph within 150 words on A Book You Have Recently Read. Use the following points : [Title of the book – its author – its story – your impression of the book – its effect on your mind] [M.P.’07]
A
BOOK I HAVE RECENTLY READ / MY FAVOURITE BOOK
Recently I have read ‘Pather Panchali ’. It is a novel written by the immortal Bengali litterateur Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay. The novel is about a little village boy called Apu. It gives a touching account of how Apu grows from childhood to adolescence. The novelist presents the child’s world of wonder, his curiosity and his love of nature with artistic perfection. The novel is a study of different human relationships. Apu’s bond of love with his near relations, particularly with his dearest sister Durga has found a special dimension here. Fraternal relationship has been so introspectively delineated nowhere else as it has been done here. The author uses nature as a character in the novel. He shows how the untimely death of Durga saddens nature. Tears roll down my cheeks when I read this part of the novel. The book also gives a living picture of the beauty of rural Bengal in minute detail. I have had an unforgettable experience of reading the book. It is worth reading time and again.
4. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) on A Film You Have Recently Seen / Your Favourite Film. Use the following points :
[Name of the film – its director / actors – its storyline – your impression of the film – its effect on your mind]
A FILM I HAVE RECENTLY SEEN / MY FAVOURITE FILM
I have seen a lot of films, but the recently released Hindi feature film ‘Taare Zameen Par’ is my favourite. It is the directorial debut of the famous Bollywood actor Amir Khan. Amir is always a perfectionist but as a director he is simply superb. The film is about the pathetic condition of Ishaan, an eight-year old boy suffering from dyslexia. It is a peculiar disease that involves difficulty in learning to read words, letters, and other symbols. As a result, Ishaan is rather a problem at school and a failure for repeated times. Even his parents fail to realise him. But his life takes a new turn when he comes to a boarding school and meets ‘Nikumbh Sir’ played by Amir Khan himself. It is he who is able to explore Ishaan’s problem and decides to bring in light to the darkest sky of his life. The film touches me very much for its very theme and musical score. It is so simple, yet so exclusive. ‘Nikumbh Sir’, the sensitive teacher inspires me to be a teacher like him. So I will remember the film for ever.
5. Write a paragraph on ‘Your Favourite Hobby / Pastime’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Introduction – what it is – your hobby – why you like it – how you are benefited by it – conclusion]
MY FAVOURITE HOBBY / PASTIME
Hobby or pastime is the pursuit of an activity in leisure for sheer personal pleasure. The proverb says, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” So relaxation is necessary in life and a hobby provides it. Different people have different hobbies – fishing, gardening, stamp-collecting, coin-collecting etc. Like others, I have also a hobby of my own. My favourite hobby is gardening. I cultivate my hobby in a plot of land in front of our house. Everyday after school hours I spend sometime in my garden pruning, nurturing and manuring the trees. I have sown different flower-plants and vegetable trees there. When flowers bloom, the bees start buzzing from flower to flower. What a beautiful sight it is to see! Then I am beside myself with joy at my creation. Besides, I get a better supply of fresh vegetables from my garden. After meeting the domestic need, I sometimes sell the surplus produce from my garden and procure my pocket money. Thus my hobby is both for pleasure and profit.
6. Write a paragraph on ‘Your Favourite Game’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – the game you like most – why it is favourite – short description of the game – conclusion]
MY FAVOURITE GAME
I like almost all the games – both indoor and outdoor. But my favourite game is cricket. It is now a very popular game in our country. It seems to me to be most exciting and thrilling of all outdoor games. It is played on an oval ground between teams. Eleven players play in each side. But there must be a twelfth man in each team in the reserve bench. One side bats while the other side bowls. The captain who wins the toss decides either to bat or bowl first. Two players bat and one bowls after another. The batsman hits the ball and takes run. The fielders save run. There are two umpires to regulate the game. A one day match is of limited fifty overs while a test match goes on for two or more days. Towards the end of the game, a one day match becomes more exciting. The batsmen hit sixes or fours more and more to reach the target. In the bid they often get out making the victory almost uncertain. Cricket is a game of team spirit, discipline and co-operation. It is a game of physical exercise.
7. Write a paragraph on ‘Your Favourite Author’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – your favourite author – why favourite – short life-sketch of your favourite author – conclusion]
MY FAVOURITE AUTHOR
I am a student. So far I have read a few authors outside my syllabus. Of them, I have grown a special fancy for Sarat Chandra, the greatest novelist of Bengali literature. His novels and short-stories breathe an air of humanism. They are written in unsurpassable racy Bengali prose. He has always championed the cause of the women, the helpless victims of the society. May be, this is why he is my favourite. Born of poor parents on 15 September, 1876 in a remote village of Hooghly called Devanandapur, Sarat Chandra could not receive higher education due to dire poverty of his family. However, he started his literary career at the age of 17. He drew the Bengali readers’ attention with his ‘Ramer Sumati’, ‘Path Nirdesh’ and ‘Bindur Chhele’. But his literary fame found a firm ground with the publication of his ‘Biraj Bou’, ‘Pandit Mashai’ and ‘Palli Samaj’. His ‘Srikanta’, ‘Datta’, ‘Devdas’ and ‘Shesh Prashna’ and others in quick succession raised him to the pinnacle of glory as a novelist.
Paragraphs on environmental issues (10):
1. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) on the Importance of Growing More Trees in Our Country. You have to use the following points :
[ Importance of trees in our everyday life – creating pollution-free atmosphere – preventing soil-erosion and floods – steps taken by the West Bengal Government in this regard – advantages to be gained by the urban and rural people]
[M.P. 1995]
IMPORTANCE OF GROWING MORE TREES IN OUR COUNTRY
A Chinese proverb runs thus, “ Planting a tree is better than having nine sons”. Truly speaking, a tree can do more than nine sons can. The very existence of life would not have possible on this beautiful planet of ours if there were no trees. Trees are our best friends. They serve us in various ways. They give us food, fodder, flowers, fruits, fuel and even furniture. They supply us with oxygen and take away the poisonous gases from the environment. Thus they create a pollution-free atmosphere. Moreover, they attract the clouds, cause rain and bring in good harvest. They also prevent soil-erosion and save us from floods. In the face of global menace of pollution, now we feel the need of growing more and more trees. The Forest Department of West Bengal Government distributes saplings free of cost every monsoon to increase the number of trees. If we can save trees, people of both urban and rural areas will be free from air pollution and pollution-related health hazards.
2. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) on how your school organised a ‘Campaign against Crackers’ during Dewali this year. You may use the following points : [ Date – participation of students, teachers and guardians – procession with colourful posters, slogans, write-ups etc – talk organised on health problems caused by crackers – people made aware of the wastage of money – decrease of pollution level recorded by pollution control official – conclusion]
[M.P. 1999]
CAMPAIGN AGAINST CRACKERS
On 3rd October, 2009 just a day before Dewali our school organised a campaign against crackers. All the students, teachers and local guardians participated in this programme. The programme started off with a procession. The students took part in it with colourful posters and write-ups featuring messages against crackers and sound pollution. Slogans against bursting of crackers were also raised by the processionists. Later a seminar on health hazards caused by deafening sound of crackers was organised in the school hall. All the ill-effects of sound pollution like deafness, heart disease, nervous disorders etc. were discussed. People were also made aware of the wastage of money involved in buying crackers. On the day of Dewali an official from the Pollution Control Board recorded a considerable decrease of sound pollution level as an obvious result of this campaign. Therefore, the educative and instructive programme produced an effective influence on the people of the locality.
3. Write a paragraph on the Preservation of Forest in not more than 150 words. Use the following points : [Importance of forest – what we can get from it – the result of its destruction – necessity of its preservation]
PRESERVATION OF FOREST
Forest is a wide stretch of land with hundreds of same or different kinds of trees. Its importance in our civilisation is too great to be ignored. It converts million tons of harmful carbon di-oxide into life-saving oxygen to maintain life on earth. The major forest products are used for industrial, domestic, and fuel purposes. We have to depend on forest for herbal medicines too. Above all, the ecology in nature depends largely on forest. No trees, no rain. Again, forest provides a natural defence against dust-storm, hot winds, floods and soil-erosion. But man has adopted the act of merciless and thoughtless felling of trees to develop industrial and urban civilisation. The result has been tremendous. Global warming has already got the better of the world climate. Season-change has become irregular and rainfall scarce. Natural disasters like Tsunami have already occurred. So we must check deforestation and adopt effective measures for the preservation and development of forest to survive on earth.
4. Write a paragraph on Man and Trees in not more than 150 words. Use the following points : [ A long association between man and trees – dependent on each-other – result of deforestation – necessity of afforestation]
MAN AND TREES / AFFORESTATION
The relation between man and trees is as old as the hills. In the remote past man lived in the forest like wild animals. Forest gave him food, shelter and garments as a producer. As man is civilised now, he no longer lives in the forest. But still he depends on forest as a consumer for his industrial, medical, and domestic needs. Again man and trees depend on each other for their respective biological need of oxygen and carbon di-oxide. Besides, the ecology in nature depends largely on forest. No trees, no rain. Forest defends dust-storm, hot winds, floods and soil-erosion too. But man has adopted the act of merciless felling of trees to develop industrial and urban civilisation. Consequently, balance in nature has already been shattered. Season-change has become irregular and rainfall scarce. Natural disasters like Tsunami have already occurred. So we must check deforestation. Instead, we have to observe afforestation programmes like ‘Banomahatsav’ more and more for our own survival.
5. Write a paragraph on ‘Man and Animals’ in not more than 150 words. Use the following points :
[ A close relation – early men domesticated animals for food, hide, transport, hunted for pleasure – some animals loved – some worshipped – overall attitude cruel – on the verge of extinction – wildlife sanctuaries – still man at war with animals – part of the eco-system and environment – great disaster coming ]
MAN AND ANIMALS
The relation between man and animals is very close from time immemorial. In the remote past man lived in the forest with wild animals. He domesticated various animals for food, hide, and transport. He also hunted some animals for pleasure. But though civilised now, man cannot change his attitude to animals. Still he tames some animals as his loved pets. Again, he worships some animals as deities. But his over-all attitude to most of the animals remains still cruel. Till now he hunts some animals to earn money by selling their meat, hide, and parts of their body. As a result, some animals are on the verge of extinction. Some animals have already been declared as endangered species. Wildlife sanctuaries have been founded to protect them. Yet foolish man is at war with animals. As a part of the eco-system, animals play a vital role in the upkeep of balance in our natural environment. If man fails to realise this, he is sure to encounter the wrath of nature in the form of various natural disasters.
6. Write a paragraph on ‘Environment Pollution’ in not more than 150 words. Use the following points : [ Introduction – classification – causes – effects – ways to fight]
ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
Environment pollution is one of the widely discussed issues of the world today. Any abnormal change in environment is called environmental pollution. It can be broadly classified under four heads - air pollution, sound pollution, land pollution, and water pollution. Air is polluted by smoke from factories, and exhaust fumes from automobiles. Again, aggressive horns and loud speakers cause sound pollution. And the land gets polluted by uncollected garbage, industrial wastes, and polythene bags. Finally, water is defiled by untreated sewage and chemical wastes of factories. Pollution of our environment is increasingly posing threat to man’s survival on earth. Everyday little by little this beautiful planet of ours is becoming the most uninhabitable place to live in. So we must combat it all united. Tree Plantation is the best way to fight pollution. Use of horns and loud speakers must be checked. Garbage must be properly disposed off. Sewage treatment plants must be built.
7. Write a paragraph on Water Pollution in about 150 words. Use the following points :
[ Introduction : water pollution, a great problem. Causes : untreated sewage, chemical wastes, use of detergent and pesticide, washing of oil tanks at sea, hot water from power station, dead animals thrown, garbage and plastic, arsenic. Effect : jaundice, diarrhoea, cholera, entric disorders, skin diseases – aquatic life in danger. Measure :
chemical treatment plant to be set up – dumping of wastes into rivers to be stopped – arsenic treatment plant to be set up – public awareness to be created. ]
WATER POLLUTION
Water pollution is now a major problem. Pure water is now almost scarce. Different factors are responsible for water pollution. It is polluted when untreated sewage and chemical wastes are dumped from the factories into the rivers. It is also polluted by the domestic use of detergent and agricultural use of pesticide. Sometimes oil tankers clean out their oil tanks at sea and pollute water. Again, release of hot water from power stations defiles water. Besides, water pollution is caused when dead animals, garbage and different plastic products are thrown into the rivers. Above all, arsenic is also a factor of water pollution. Polluted water causes various diseases like jaundice, diarrhoea, cholera, enteric disorder and skin problem. Aquatic lives are also endangered as a result of water pollution. Chemical and arsenic treatment plant must be set up to fight water pollution. Dumping of wastes into the rivers must be stopped. Finally, public awareness should be so created as to stop water pollution.
8. Write a paragraph on Sound Pollution in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Sound pollution, a serious problem – indiscriminate use of microphones – thunderous sound of factories – blaring horns and supersonic aircraft – crackers – slogans – causes deafness and psychological imbalance – may be the cause of serious road accidents – role of the High Court and the Pollution Control Board]
SOUND POLLUTION / NOISE POLLUTION
Sound pollution is one of the most dangerous problems among all others. Indiscriminate use of microphones, thunderous sound of mills and factories, supersonic aircrafts and shrill horns of different vehicles are some of the common sources of sound pollution. Besides, sound of crackers in different festivals and lastly shouting slogans of political parties and religious processions add much to noise pollution. Whatever may be the reasons, the effects are dreadful. Patients and babies cannot have a wink of sleep. Blood pressure increases. People become deaf and lose their psychological balance. Sudden horns of motors may lead to serious street accidents at the crossing of a busy thoroughfare. The High Court has, of late, issued an order restricting the sound to 65 decibels from 7 am to 9 pm during festival days. The State Pollution Control Board has also come up with strict laws. But no effort, however sincere, will ever be successful until and unless greater public awareness is created.
9. Write a paragraph on ‘Plastic Pollution’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – what it is – problems created by it – possible way out – conclusion]
PLASTIC POLLUTION / PROBLEMS OF PLASTIC BAGS
Plastic pollution is the latest addition to the crown of environment pollution. It simply means pollution caused by the use of plastic or polythene. Now-a-days plastic or poly bags are massively used as carry-bags or packaging materials. But how many of us know that plastic or polythene is a polymer of ethylene – a very toxic substance? This plastic reacts with food we carry in it and makes it toxic. Thus it causes various stomach disorders. Plastic is a non-biodegradable substance. Once produced, it has no destruction or decomposition. If burnt in the air, it gives out poisonous gases which cause asthma, skin disease and even cancer. If buried under the earth or left on the soil, it reduces the fertility of the land. When thrown into the river or pond, plastic pollutes the water. Thus it endangers not only aquatic life but also human life. Moreover, it damages the sewage system choking the drains. So the Government should ban the use of plastic or polythene immediately by law to save our ecology.
10. Write a paragraph on ‘Man’s Cruelty Towards Animals, Birds and Nature’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Trees, birds, animals and men are inseparable – deforestation – birds and animals on the decrease – nature of seasons and soil changed – detrimental to human existence – man’s responsibility]
MAN’S CRUELTY TOWARDS ANIMALS, BIRDS AND NATURE
In the eco-system trees, birds, animals, men and even microbes are all inseparable parts of nature. They form the pyramid of basic components of the eco-system – producers, consumers and decomposers. The absence of one in the eco-system leads to the absence of the other. But men are becoming cruel towards them day by day. They have taken to massive deforestation to build new townships and industries. They have killed various birds and animals indiscriminately to take them as food. Thus they have shown their sheer cruelty to them. Besides, deforestation has already made some species of birds and animals extinct. The nature of seasons and that of soil have undergone an adverse change. All sorts of pollution have endangered the very existence of trees, birds and animals. Even human existence is at stake now. In fact, men have to pay a lot one day for any kind of cruelty towards animals, birds and nature. We should always remember – ‘Preserve and flourish ; destroy and perish.’
Paragraphs on education-related topics (13) :
1. Write a paragraph on A School You Know (in about 150 words). Include the following points :
[ Name of the school + Whereabouts – Total No. of students + No. of teachers – No. of classrooms + No. of students in each class– Sanitation & water – Facilities : sports, library and others]
[M.P. 1993]
THE SCHOOL I KNOW / MY SCHOOL
The school I know best is the one I read in. The name of the school is Chandpara Bani Vidya Bithi (H.S) school. It stands by the station road of Chandpara. It is the oldest school of the locality established in 1949. The school is a beacon-light of education to the neighbouring villages. It is housed in a three-storeyed building with thirty classrooms. The total roll-strength of the school is nearly 1800. Each class has an average sixty students. 45 teachers impart lesson here. The name of the Headmaster of the school is Sri Ramesh Chandra Biswas. We have good arrangements for running water and toilets. We have a big playground inside our school. We play there in the recess. We have also an old library with a grand collection of books. We read there in the off-period. Besides, we have four labs, one each for Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Geography. We have a gymnasium too. The results of the school in all the Board Examinations are quite satisfactory. We are proud of our school.
2. Write a paragraph on ‘Student Life’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Prime-time of life – education must have aim, direction, gathering information – comparison with the old – complex present – conclusion]
STUDENT LIFE
Student life is the prime-time of life. It is the stage of preparation for future. So it is the most important period of life. A student is young today. But he will be a man tomorrow. So he has different duties to perform. As a student, his first and foremost duty is to study and learn. But he must not be aimless. He must take education with an aim in view. Unlike an aged person, a student cannot always decide which way to go. So he needs proper guidance and direction from his parents and teachers. Besides, days have altogether changed now. His is a world of keen competition. In the context of his complex present, he needs more than mere bookish knowledge if he wants to reach his aim. Then there are so many allurements of various media of today. So he must keep himself aloof from those temptations. Finally, the mind of a student of today is distracted by various interests like politics, drugs etc. He should be careful that such interests might lead him to insecure and uncertain future.
3. Write a paragraph on ‘Discipline in Student life’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Introduction – role of discipline in student life – present scenario – conclusion]
DISCIPLINE IN STUDENT LIFE
“Discipline is the refining fire by which talent becomes ability.” Sir Smith.
Discipline means obedience to some general rules of conduct. It is essential in student life as it is the seed time of life. A student should obey his patents and superiors at home and teachers in school. No institution can run successfully if its students are not disciplined. Effective teaching is not possible in the class if the students are not disciplined. Even the player should obey the orders of the captain or the referee of the game. So at home, in school and in the playground too discipline is essential. No discipline, no success. But it is a matter of pity and regret that most of the students today are undisciplined and ill-behaved. They fall easy prey to bad politics and do whatever they like in utter disregard of the discipline of their academic institutions. But a day will come when they will grow up and the young ones will pay them back in their own coin and that also with a compound interest. So students must learn the habit of discipline from the very grassroots level to acquire success in life.
4. Write a paragraph on ‘Duties and Responsibilities of A Student’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Introduction – study seriously and prepare lessons – obedient and respectful to teachers and elders – fellow-feeling towards classmates – social duties – serve the society in spare time to make it better – conclusion]
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A STUDENT
Student life is the time of preperation for struggle of later life. It is the duty of a student to make the best use of time in order to be a good citizen of his country. A Sanskrit proverb says, “R¡œ¡e¡w AdÉuew afx – Study is the main pursuit of a student.” Therefore his first and foremost duty is to acquire knowledge for an all-round development. But he should not be a book-worm. He must take part in games and sports for the harmonious development of his body and mind. He must form such good habits as discipline, punctuality, perseverance etc. He should help his weaker classmates in studies. A student should respect his parents and elders at home and obey his teachers in school and college. He has also some duties to the society he lives in. He should serve his society in his spare time for its betterment by taking part in such programmes like literacy drive, blood donation camp, fund-raising-programme for disaster-hit people etc. These are the duties and responsibilities of a student.
5. Write a paragraph on ‘Students and Social Service’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Social service, service rendered to the society by the students – the students have duties to their society – lead more or less care-free life – ideal for social service – serve the society by taking part in literacy drive, garbage-cleaning-operation, giving lesson on hygiene, extending helping hands to people in distress in time of natural calamities – learn tolerance, team-spirit and co-operation through social service – helps work under constraints]
STUDENTS AND SOCIAL SERVICE
Service rendered to the society by the students for its betterment is called social service. As its members, the students have some duties to the society they live in. They lead more or less care-free life. So they are ideal for such service. They can serve the society best without affecting their studies in the least. They can do so by taking part in literacy drive programmes and thus making the illiterate adults literate. They can also keep their locality clean by occasionally launching garbage-cleaning-operation. They can make the ignorant people aware of the utility of cleanliness by giving lesson on health and hygiene. The students can also serve the society by extending their helping hands to the people in distress in time of natural calamities. Besides, social service is itself a learning. It teaches the students the lesson of tolerance, team-spirit and co-operation. This helps them work under constraints and makes them fit for the struggle of life. So social service is essential for the students.
6. Write a paragraph on ‘Sarba Siksha Abhijan’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Aim : to bring every child to school – Helped by : The Govt. of India a State Govt. – Features : New classrooms, more teachers, grant for books, syllabus and examination system revised, introduction of mid-day meal – Result : Enthusiasm among students to continue studies, drop-outs decreased, increase of students in school – Your comment]
[T.P. 2009]
SARBA SIKSHA ABHIJAN / EDUCATION FOR ALL
‘Sarba Siksha Abhijan’ (SSA) / ‘Education For All’ is a national scheme to decrease the number of dropouts in schools of elementary education (Lower Secondary Level [upto class : VIII]). The chief objective of this scheme is to bring every child to school. It is a joint venture undertaken by the Govt. of India and the State Govt. So both the governments are funding crores of rupees for the scheme. As characteristic features of the scheme, new school buildings have already been constructed, new classrooms built, para-teachers appointed, grants for books sanctioned, syllabus and examination system revised and mid-day meal introduced. The result has already been tremendously good. The scheme has received a good response. It has created a great enthusiasm among the students to continue studies. The number of dropouts has considerably decreased. On the other hand, the number of school-bound students has much increased. On the whole, the scheme has yielded expected results.
7. Write a paragraph on ‘Teachers’ Day’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – occasion and purpose – activities of the day – feeling of the students and the teachers – conclusion]
TEACHERS’ DAY
“A good teacher is like a candle - it consumes itself to light the way for others.”
5th September is celebrated as Teachers’ Day in India as a mark of tribute to the contribution made by teachers to the society. It is the birthday of Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan, an educationist, a scholar, and above all a great teacher. Dr. Radhakrishnan wished his birthday to be celebrated as Teachers’ Day because of his great love and respect for the teaching profession. It is now one of the occasions looked forward by the teachers and students alike. Great teachers are also honoured by the President of India on this occasion. Various school students dress up as their teachers and take various classes assigned to them on this day. They realise what it means to be a teacher. The teachers are also reminded what it felt like when they were the students. But funs apart, the students show their love and respect to their dearest teachers and the teachers bless them from the core of their hearts on this auspicious occasion. Thus the day goes a long way in enhancing the teacher-student relationship.
8. Write a paragraph on ‘Importance of School Library’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Important part of a school – encourages children – grows silent reading habit – widens knowledge and broadens outlook – books expensive – full of reference books – teaches to select books – varied materials – teaches to handle books]
IMPORTANCE OF SCHOOL LIBRARY
A school library is a collection of books on various subjects. It is an important part of a school. It encourages the hunger of the students for knowledge and widens their intellectual horizon. It acquaints them with the “mighty minds of old” and broadens their outlook. It also develops a silent reading habit in them. Books are very expensive. So it is almost impossible for all to buy all the books they need. Besides, textbooks are not sufficient enough for academic success. Reference books are also necessary. Here lies the need of a school library. For, it is a storehouse of so many reference books to cater their demand. Besides, it teaches the students how to select books according to their taste. Again, merely bookish knowledge is not enough for today’s students. To remain up-to-date, they must collect varied materials of study. A school library helps them here with various journals and periodicals with current knowledge. Above all, a school library teaches the students how to handle books.
9. Write a paragraph on ‘School Magazine’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Published annually or bi-annually – different from a popular or a literary journal – a training ground in literary composition – stepping-stone for the future writers – a link between the past and the present students of the school]
SCHOOL MAGAZINE
A school magazine is an annual or bi-annual publication made by a school. It plays a vital part in the growth of co-curricular activities of a school. It is different from so-called popular or literary journals. It contains various kinds of articles written by the students of the school in particular and the teachers in general. It gives a scope to the students to draw out their latent potentiality of writing and express it in different articles. Thus a school magazine acts as a training ground in the development of their potential to write literary composition. Again, by contributing to it regularly, the students can also enhance the power of their writing. As a result, they become good writers by and by. Thus a school magazine is a stepping-stone for the future writers. Besides, both the ex-students and current-students can contribute their articles to a school magazine. Thus it is a link between the past and the present students of a school. Therefore, a school magazine is an essential part of school education.
10. Write a paragraph on ‘Annual Sports of Your School’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – different events such as 100 metre and 200 metre race, high jump, long jump, discus throw, javelin throw etc. – most interesting events – the tug of war between the students and the teachers, musical chair for girl students and go as you like for all – winners called upon the victory stand – distribution of prizes]
ANNUAL SPORTS OF OUR SCHOOL
Annual sports of a school are a part of education. They help the students to show their skill in different sports events. Our school organised its annual sports this year on 20 December last. Preparation went on for a long
time before this. Different events such as 100 metre, 200 metre, 400 metre and 800 metre race, high jump, long jump, discus throw, javelin throw etc. were played. Some events were even hit for trial before the eventful day. The participants from the students were divided into groups according to their age and height. Some students took part as volunteers to run the events smoothly. However the most interesting events in the annual sports were the tug of war between the students and the teachers, musical chair for the girl students and go as like for all. The first three rankers of each event were called upon the victory stand after an event was over. Finally, came the long-awaited moment of prize distribution. All the rankers were given prizes according to their positions.
11. Write a paragraph on how you observed Independence Day in your school in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Date & time – opening ceremony – flag-hoisting – mass rally – decoration – organisers – president – guests and invitees – cultural programmes – speeches – closing ceremony]
OBSERVANCE OF INDEPENDENCE DAY IN OUR SCHOOL
15th of August is our Independence Day. Our school observed the day this year with pomp and grandeur. The ceremony started with the hoisting of our tri-colour by our Headmaster at 7 am. It was accompanied by our national song – ‘Van de Mataram’ sung by the students. Around 7-30 am a mass rally went out from the school. It marched past the local road with slogans, flags and posters. At 10 am a cultural function was organised by the students and the teachers. Numerous local dignitaries and guardians were invited to it. The school-secretary presided over the ceremony. The local BDO graced the ceremony as the guest-in-chief. A bunch of programmes like patriotic songs, recitation of patriotic poems etc. was presented. Then a one-act play ‘On to Delhi’ (Dilli Chalo) was staged by the students. It was a grand success. The president then gave a neat but impressive speech followed by a short one by the chief guest. Finally, the ceremony ended with a vote of thanks to the chair.
12. Write a paragraph on Prize Giving Ceremony of your school in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Date & time – school well-decorated – president and chief guest – function started with the opening song – cultural programmes – distribution of prizes – annual report by the HM – speeches – comes to a close]
PRIZE GIVING CEREMONY OF OUR SCHOOL /
PRIZE-DAY AT OUR SCHOOL
The annual prize giving ceremony of our school came off on 20 January last. The school compound was gorgeously decorated with flags and festoons. The H.M. of the school was the president-elect. The Hon’ble Minister for the State Primary and Secondary School Education Mr. Partha Roy graced the ceremony as the guest-in-chief. The ceremony started just at 10 am with an inaugural song. Some students then recited beautiful poems from Rabindranath Tagore and Kazi Nazrul Islam. Then came the long-awaited moment of prize distribution. Prizes were distributed to all the rankers of last annual examination and annual sports. Next the annual report of the school was read by the H.M. Then the president gave a neat but impressive speech on the importance of education in our life. The chief guest then gave a short lecture. He also called upon the students to become the responsible citizens of future. Finally, the ceremony ended with a vote of thanks to the chair.
13. Write a paragraph on ‘Learning At School is Fun’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Going to school and sitting together – heart to heart talk with friends – preparing lessons through peer-learning – lively interaction with teachers – affectionate feeling of teachers – a sweet escape from homebound life]
LEARNING AT SCHOOL IS FUN
Learning at school is a fun for little children. The children of a neighbourhood go to school together. They sit together in the classroom. They take part in heart-to-heart talk with their friends. They laugh and shout in the classroom. They all learn the same thing. So the children can share their idea about lessons. They can also talk about the homework. Thus they can prepare their lessons through peer-learning. Besides, they can avail themselves of the lively interaction with their teachers. The teachers help them understand their lessons as best as they can. They also treat them with great care and affection like their own parents. So the children feel quite at home even at school. Above all, homebound life is boring and monotonous. By going to school, the children have a sweet escape from their homebound life. So learning by oneself at home is boring. But learning in a company at school is really a fun. So children should go to school taste this fun of learning in sweet company of their peers.
Paragraphs on different problems (6):
1. Write a paragraph on ‘Child Labour’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Child labour, engagement of children aged between 8 to 14 at work – found to work at hotels, restaurants, garages, firms, factories, tea-stalls, shops and households – extreme poverty and illiteracy of parents –preferable to adult labour as easily exploitable and uncomplaining – socio-economic reform and mass literacy necessary]
CHILD LABOUR
“Is this a holy thing to see
In a rich and fruitful land
Babes reduced to misery
Fed with cold and usurous hand?”____ Blake
Child labour is one of the burning problems of 21st century. Children below the age of work are engaged in hotels, tea-stalls, shops, restaurants, garages, factories, firms and households to earn for their families. Childhood is a period for children to expand their mental horizon through the light of education and build their future. But their parents are too poor to afford two square meals for them. So they are forced to work on a mere pittance. Moreover, being illiterate, they can hardly realise the value of education. On the other hand, the children never protest, never demand and never complain. So the employers can easily exploit them. Naturally, they are preferable to adult workers. The abolition of the cruel practice once and for all can be no way the solution to the problem. For, it saves many families from starvation. It needs proper socio-economic reform and propagation of education to solve the grave problem. Above all, all we need is a radical change in our attitude to these Jesus-like children.
2. Write a paragraph on ‘The Handicapped and Their Problems’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Who are handicapped persons – different kinds of handicapped persons – our general attitude of hatred to them – our sympathetic duty to them – initiative of different NGO’s – the role of the Govt. – Conclusion]
THE HANDICAPPED AND THEIR PROBLEMS
The problem of handicapped persons is one of the greatest among all others in the 21st century. Persons who have lost the use of one or more limbs or sense organs are called handicapped persons. Some persons are born handicapped and some go handicapped due to serious accidents or illness. Regrettably, the society denies them proper dignity and honour. It is very heartless that we, the physically fit persons, look down upon them. But it has been proved that if proper opportunities given, the handicapped persons can establish their worth in the society and rise to eminence too. Helen Keller, a deaf, dumb and blind woman, is a beacon-light in this regard. Different NGO’s have already come forward to help them with spastic materials. But mere supply of spastic materials to them is not just enough. The Govt. has also taken steps in right earnest to create more job opportunities for them. But no effort, however sincere, will be successful until and unless we can change our attitude to them.
3. Write a paragraph on ‘Terrorism’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – what it is – mode of operation – instances : national and international – possible cure – conclusion]
TERRORISM
Terrorism has posed the gravest danger to the world today. Literally it means use of violence and intimidation by a group of people to compel the government to fulfil their demands. Now it has become almost a common practice all over the world for any reason – racial, communal, national or ethnic. But whatever may be the cause, it is a heinous crime directed against humanity. Mass killing of people, kidnapping VVIP’s, blowing up roads and railways, hijacking of planes, damaging public properties etc. are some of the subversive activities of the terrorists. Mumbai blast, Samjhota Express blast, attacks on Parliament House in New Delhi, Assembly House in Jammu & Kashmir and American Information Centre in Kolkata – these are acts of terrorism that took place in India. But the attack on the World Trade Centre in America shook the whole world. Countries should deal with terrorism ruthlessly and exert an international pressure upon those countries that encourage terrorism.
4. Write a paragraph on the Bad Effects of Smoking in about 150 words. Use the following points :
[ Injurious to health – a bad habit – causes breathing trouble, bronchial asthma, lung cancer and even death – harmful to those around the smokers – wastage of money – giving up smoking means better health and more savings – more expense for family]
BAD EFFECTS OF SMOKING
Smoking is injurious to health. All smokers know about this statutory warning. But none of them pays attention to it. Truly speaking, this habit is good for neither the smoker nor his family. A smoker often falls a rapid prey to breathing trouble and bronchial asthma that in due course of time ends in lung cancer. Then he has to count his days helplessly to meet death. Smoking does not prove fatal for the smokers only but also for those who stay around them. In spite of not smoking, they suffer from various respiratory problems as passive smokers. So people should not smoke in crowded places like buses, trains, cinema, hospitals etc. Besides, smoking is a costly habit. It means much wastage of money. Money wasted on smoking can be far better utilised for the well-being of a family and for building a happy home. On the other hand, giving up smoking means better health and more savings. All smokers should consider the ill-effects of this habit and take oath not to smoke any longer.
5. Write a paragraph on ‘Illiteracy’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Greatest curse of the society – 60% people still literate in India – dismal poverty, unchecked population and lack of public awareness responsible – literacy campaign in rural and backward areas – compulsion on school-going – midday meals –
help of students, retired teachers and voluntary organisation – Government assistance]
ILLITERACY / DRIVE AGAINST ILLITERACY
Illiteracy means the inability to read and write. It is the greatest curse of our society. More than 60 years have elapsed after our Independence. But about 60% people in our country are still illiterate. It is indeed a great shame. The causes are not far to seek. Most of the people of our country are still very poor. So education is but a luxury to them. They prefer sending their children to work to school to earn for their families. The unchecked population explosion is also a major cause behind the problem. Moreover, a majority of the people believes that going to school for education is mere wastage of time, energy and money. So lack of public awareness is also a reason. The urgent need of the hour is massive literacy campaign in rural and backward areas. School going has to be made compulsory. Provision of mid-day meals has to be made to feed the children before giving education.Students, retired teachers and voluntary organisations have to work hand in hand with Govt. assistance.
6. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) on ‘Global Warming’ using the following points :
[ Temperature rising : Causes : emission of harmful gases from factories; cosmic-oriented research work – penetrating ozone layer; explosion of Atom bomb. Result : water level rising – due to melting of icebergs; natural disaster – Tsunami, earthquake, possibility of the destruction of the river-side cities]
GLOBAL WARMING
Global Warming means world-wide increase in the average atmospheric temperature. Such greenhouse gases as carbon di-oxide, sulphur di-oxide, CFC, mithane etc. obstruct in the way of radiation of heat from the earth’s surface and increase the atmospheric temperature. Burning of fossil fuel in cars and factories, depletion of ozone layer by cosmic research and test-fire of atom bomb contribute a lot to the emission of greenhouse gases. As a result of the rise in temperature, polar ice-caps, icebergs and glaciers are melting down. The water level in seas and rivers is swelling. River-side cities are likely to be destroyed in near future. Natural disaster like Tsunami, earthquake and flood may also result from global warming. The people all over the world should made conscious of ill-effects of global warming. Every possible measure has to be taken to restrict the use of fossil fuel globally and protect ozone layer. More and more trees have to be planted to widen the forest cover.
Paragraphs on descriptive topics (7):
1. Write a paragraph on ‘A Busy Railway Station’ in not more than 150 words. Use the following points : [Name and location of the station – a buzzing sound always – queues before booking counters – passengers – porters – hawkers – vendor’s cry – alighting from and boarding trains – wrestling and jostling during office hours – your impression of these scenes]
A BUSY RAILWAY STATION
Sealdah in Kolkata is a busy station. Here everybody is busy and fast. None has a little time to spare. It is always filled with a buzzing sound. The passengers queue up before the booking counters to buy tickets. The officers inside the counters remain busy selling tickets. The porters quarrel with one-another over their catch. The hawkers stroll up with their goods for sale. The vendors shout their trade cries. The hustle and bustle reaches its climax during office hours. The office-goers wrestle with each-other to entrain fast in the hope of getting a seat. When a train reaches the station, one group of people remains busy alighting from the train and the other boarding the same. As a result, they wrestle and jostle at the door of the compartment. When a train is cancelled, the passengers rush to catch another train. There are constant announcements of arrival and departure of different trains over the microphones. Such is the scene of a busy railway station. It tells us that time is really valuable.
2. Write a paragraph on ‘Seasons of Bengal’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – six seasons here – change in nature with seasonal cycle – features of each season – conclusion]
SEASONS OF BENGAL
Six seasons fill the measure of a year in Bengal. They are summer, the rains, early autumn, late autumn, winter and spring. These seasons change in a cyclic order. Nature also adorns itself with their cyclic change. Summer comes first with its intolerable heat and humidity. People suffer a lot. Then comes the rainy season with a sigh of relief from sultry weather. The cloudy sky sometimes pours in torrents. It is the sowing season to the farmers. But heavy rainfall often causes flood. Autumn comes next. It is the season of festivals. Durga Puja, Dewali, Id and the like are held in this season. The late autumn heralds the approach of winter with dew-drops and fog. It is a season of abundance. It is also a season to be enjoyed in a cricket ground or on a picnic spot. Finally comes spring justifying Shelley, “If winter comes, can spring be far behind?” It is a season of beauty and pleasure. The cyclic change of seasons keeps nature free from monotony and tinges human life with different shades of hues.
3. Write a paragraph on ‘The Scene of An Examination Hall’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [How it looks – after the warning and final bells – role of the invigilators – atmosphere of the hall after examination starts – conclusion]
THE SCENE OF AN EXAMINATION HALL
An examination hall has nothing common with the cinema or theatre hall. But it has rows of chairs like them. Examinees have a last minute’s look at the books and notes. As soon as the warning bell rings, the invigilators enter the hall with the question-papers and the answer-scripts. The examinees put away their books, notes and bags and take their respective seats. The final bell rings. The question-papers and the answer-scripts are distributed among the examinees. They go through the question-papers. Some look happy as they find the questions common. Some again look blank, as the questions are not up to their expectation. However, everyone starts to write. The invigilators sign the answer-scripts walking round the examinees. Most of the examinees scribble at a great speed. Some others just try to think out some points. Some stand up to ask for extra paper from the invigilators. Few adopt unfair means. Sometimes they can deceive the invigilators. Sometimes they are caught red-handed.
4. Write a paragraph on ‘The Taj Mohal’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – located in Agra on the Jamuna – built by Shah Jahan, the fifth Mughal emperor in memory of his beloved Mumtaz Mohal – designed by the architect Ustad Isha – 22000 masons took 22 years to complete it from 1632 to 1654 – 3 crore rupees spent on it – a wonder in white marble – conclusion as drawn by Tagore]
THE TAJ MOHAL
The Taj Mohal is one of the Seven Wonders of the World. This wonder in white marble is situated on the bank of the river Jamuna in Agra. It was built by Shah Jahan, the fifth Mughal emperor in memory of his beloved Mumtaz Mohal. A romantic story of love of Shah Jahan’s life was associated with it. This wonderful monument was designed by an architect Ustad Kha. It is said that the construction took a long period of 22 years from 1632 to 1654 to complete it. History says that as many as 22000 masons worked for hours to complete it. It is learnt that three crore rupees were spent on it. It is all built in white marble with jewels studded here and there. It is really a superb specimen of architecture. It assumes a splendid look in a moonlit night. Every year thousands of tourists from home and abroad came to feast their eyes on this mausoleum. In fine, we may conclude thus, “A drop of tear, a white gem always glaring on the forehead of Time is this Taj Mohal.” – as Tagore once wrote!
5. Write a paragraph on A Moonlit Night in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – moonlight floods the sky – everything around us looks silvery – celestial and dreamy appearance of nature – a world of fantasy – conclusion]
A MOONLIT NIGHT
A moonlit night looks simply magnificent. The moonlight slowly and silently descends upon the earth. The sky is flooded with the moonbeam. Everything around us turns silvery. Leaves on every tree-top look silvery. Similarly, the fruits wear a silvery look. The thatches of huts also appear silvery. Even the paws and claws of the nocturnal animals like mouse, owl, dove, dog etc. seem to have a silvery look. The water of the tank gleams silver-white. The fish in the ponds, the sands on the riverbanks and the current of the streams glitter like silver. In fact, the serene beauty of nature is unravelled in this all-embracing silvery appearance. Nature shorn of its mundane appearance seems to get lost in celestial light of the moon. The world of the night seems to be dreamy. A walk in such night cannot but please the eyes of the beholder. The phenomenal beauty of the night casts a hypnotic spell on him. He can no longer dwell in the material world. He is transported to the world of fantasy.
6. Write a paragraph on ‘A Musical Programme’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: (TP-10)
[Name of the organisers – participation of artists in the programme – use of microphones – quality of performance]
A MUSICAL PROGRAMME
Last Sunday North Kolkata Music Club organised a variety music and dance programme in the Tallah Park near Paikpara. Several artists like Kavita Krishnamurthi, Kumar Shanu, Udit Narayan were invited from Mumbai. Pandit Ajay Chakraborty and Ustad Amjad Ali Khan also attended the musical concert. A number of luminaries from Bollywood including Mithun Chakraborty and Juhi Chowla were also present. Naturally, the programme aroused surging enthusiasm, specially among the teenagers. The performance by Pandit Ajay Chakraborty and Ustad Amjad Ali Khan poured the elixir of music onto the ears of the audience. Mithun and Juhi made the audience dance by their superb performance. However, the use of microphones till late night disturbed the sleep of many people of the locality no doubt. Most of the songs were from Hindi and some from Bengali films. But all of them did not appeal to my taste. On the whole, it was a great musical night that I had ever attended.
7. Write a paragraph on ‘Festivals of West Bengal’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – varieties of festivals – usefulness of festivals – conclusion]
FESTIVALS OF WEST BENGAL
West Bengal is a land of festivals. “The Bengalees have thirteen festivals in twelve months” – so says the proverb. But the actual number of festivals found to be held in Bengal is even more. However, three kinds of festivals are found to be observed here – religious, social and national. The major religious festivals found to be held in West Bengal are Durgapuja, Laxmipuja, Kalipuja, Dipavali, Saraswatipuja etc of the Hindus, Ramjan, Id-uz-zoha, Id-ul-fitre, Muharram etc of the Muslims and Christmas, Good Friday etc. of the Christians. Some of the remarkable social festivals of West Bengal are ‘Pous Parvana’, ‘Navanna’ ‘Holi’, ‘Bhatridwitiya’, ‘Rakshabandhan’, ‘Poila Baishakh’ etc. The national festivals found to be celebrated here are The Independence Day, The Republic Day, Guru Nanak Day, Gandhi Day, Rabindra Jayanti etc. All these festivals remove monotony of life, strengthen national unity and sweeten social relations among people of different castes and communities.
Paragraphs on Reflective Topics (7):
1. Write a paragraph on ‘Friendship’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Definition of friendship – why needed – how to cultivate friendship – true and false friends – careful in making friends – conclusion]
FRIENDSHIP
Friendship is the ‘assuager of pain’ and the ‘sweetener of life’
The relationship between friends is called friendship. It is, to quote Aristotle, “one soul inhabiting two bodies.” It is born of mutual affection, and not of self interest. It depends on the likeness of thoughts and ideas, emotions and sentiments. So no caste, community or sex can stand in the way of it. Man as a social being cannot alone. So he needs the company of someone to exchange his thoughts and ideas. The man, he chooses for this, becomes his friend. This is why, he needs friendship. A true friend always stands by us in weal and woe. He shares our joy and sorrow. He is happy when we are happy. He is sad when we are sad. He is ‘a friend in need and a friend indeed’. But such a friend is rare. Most of our friends are time-servers. They stick to us in our prosperity to make profit. But when adversity befalls us, they leave us. Alexander Pope has rightly observed, “Histories are more full of instances of fidelity of dogs than of man.” So we must carefully choose our friends.
2. Write a paragraph on ‘Patriotism’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Definition of patriotism – a noble sentiment – makes one die for country – a great virtue – instils other qualities in man – some great patriots – harm of excessive patriotism – today’s politicians exploit it – conclusion]
PATRIOTISM
Patriotism is love for one’s own country. It is a noble sentiment. It makes a man to court imprisonment, brave the bullet and embrace the gallows with smiling face. Walpole says, “Lovely and honourable it is to die for one’s country”. A true patriot never dies unwept, unsung and unhonoured. The country always holds him in high esteem. Besides, patriotism is a great virtue. It instils other good qualities in man like generosity, nobility, humanity etc. These go into the making of a true man. Kshudiram Bose, Subhash Bose, Bhagat Singh, Shivaji and Ranapratap Singh are great patriots of India. But excessive patriotism is dangerous. Hitler’s jingoism was responsible for the World War-II. We should remember this. And most of today’s politicians are mock-patriots. They capitalise it for their vested interest. Dr. Johnson rightly says, “Patriotism is the last refuge of a scoundrel”.
3. Write a paragraph on ‘Leisure’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Definition of leisure – why necessary – various ways of spending leisure – misuse of leisure undesirable and avoidable – conclusion]
LEISURE
“What is this life, if full of care,
We have no time to stand and stare?”...................William Davies.
Truly speaking, leisure is as essential as work in our life. The Bible says that God created the world for six days and rested on Sunday. It speaks volumes about the importance of leisure. It is a period of respite from day’s main work. Man has to toil and moil throughout the day. Naturally, he becomes physically and mentally tired at the day’s end. So after a day’s toil, he badly needs leisure to recharge the battery of his energy. Besides, leisure is also necessary for man to pursue his pastime or hobby. Some of the best ways of spending one’s leisure are pursuing fine arts, rehearsing vocal and instrumental music, reading books, cultivating hobbies, playing games etc. But leisure must be properly used. Merely idling away before a TV set watching violence or reading a pornography is by no means healthy. To quote Bertrand Russel, “To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilisation”. An idle man can never enjoy leisure. But an active man can relish the fruit of leisure.
4. Write a paragraph on ‘Punctuality’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Definition of punctuality – why necessary in life – result of unpunctuality – punctuality saves time and labour – conclusion]
PUNCTUALITY
Punctuality is the habit of doing everything at the right time. It is one of the pillars of success in human life. The proverb goes thus, “Time and tide wait for none”. Time, once gone is gone for ever. So we should act with time in every aspect of life. If we fail to take advantage of a moment, we will lose the chance of success. A student will fail to attend an important class if he is late at school or college. Similarly, if a farmer fails to market his produce in proper time, he will face a great financial loss. In army life punctuality is the first and last word. History says that Napoleon lost the Battle of Waterloo only because his general reached the front late. The proverb says, “A stitch in time saves nine”. A work done out of time is almost undone. Therefore it calls for more time and labour. But by doing a work in time, a person can save both his time and labour. All the great men of the world rose to eminence by their habit of punctuality. So we must be punctual to become great in life.
5. Write a paragraph on ‘Tolerance’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – based on ‘Live and Let Live’ – tolerance essential in a family life, social life and national life – tolerance ensures peace and prosperity – result of intolerance – begets hostility and communal riots – conclusion]
TOLERANCE
Tolerance is the habit of accepting different opinions, beliefs, customs etc. without any anger and irritation. It is a great virtue. It is of supreme value in every walk of life. It is based on the principle of ‘Live and Let Live’. We should allow people to exercise their rights, religious or constitutional. But to abstain from protesting against wrong-doing in the name of tolerance is cowardice. Tolerance does not mean cowardice. It is the exercise of restraint in sensitive matters. It is essential in family life, social life and national life to ensure peace and prosperity. On the other hand, intolerance begets hostility among the people. Sometimes it takes the ugly form of communal hatred and results in communal riots. Thus it hampers peace and harmony in a society and in a nation as well. Tolerance is the fruit of education. And illiteracy is stagnant water where the fanatics lay eggs of intolerance. So mass education is necessary to sow the seed of tolerance in the very fabric of the society.
6. Write a paragraph on ‘Cleanliness’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – a good habit – children must be taught various lessons on cleanliness – effect on mind and mind – conclusion]
CLEANLINESS
The proverb goes thus, “Cleanliness is next to godliness.” To keep clean in dress and living, in fact in everything is indeed a good habit, almost a virtue. We should first of all make our dresses clean, then our house and then our society. When outside home we should not throw refuses on the road, railway platform or any other public places. The children must be taught to brush their teeth, wash up hands and face, take regular bath etc. They should be taught not to spit here and there, not to take food with unwashed hands, not to wear dirty dress etc. to keep the diseases away and maintain good health. But there are some who do not maintain cleanliness. They make the classroom dirty in the early life and public places in later life. They not only do harm to themselves but also to the society in general. Besides, cleanliness of body leads to cleanliness of mind. A person with a clean mind is loved and respected by all. So we should all form the habit right from the beginning of our life.
7. Write a paragraph on ‘Importance of Time in Life’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Time equated with money – more valuable than it – need of planning of time for best use – price to be paid if time wasted – training children to grow a habit of punctuality – proverbs emphasising the importance of time]
IMPORTANCE / VALUE OF TIME IN LIFE
“Time and tide wait for none” – so goes the proverb. The value of time in life is so great. Sometimes it is said that time is money. But as a matter of fact, it is more precious than money. Lost knowledge may be gained by study, lost health by medicine and lost wealth by industry. But time once lost is lost for ever. So it is essential for us to make the best use of time. And proper utilisation of time needs proper planning. A punctual man knows how to make the right use of time. He knows that ‘a stitch in time saves nine’. So he does the right thing at the right, appropriate time. In fact, life is full of struggle. The man who fights heart and soul in life wins the crown of success. In our life where “fifty springs are little room”, we have no time to lose. We must remember that we have “promises to keep” and “miles to go” before we sleep. All great men of the world rose to their height by making a wise use of time. So children must be trained to grow a habit of punctuality from the very beginning.
Paragraphs on misc topics (10) :
1. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) on Early Rising. Use the following points :
[ Introduction – a good habit – good for health – gives a good start – supplies fresh energy – gives chance to enjoy natural beauties – conclusion]
EARLY RISING
“ Early to bed and early to rise / Makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise ”, so goes the proverb. Early rising is a very good exercise for health. Early risers can breathe in fresh air of the early morning full of oxygen and enjoy the soothing touch of the sunrays. These help them keep away various diseases which late risers often suffer from. Besides, early rising gives a good start for the day’s work. Early risers get enough time to devote to their work with no hurry at all. Again, concentration level for a work and freshness of mind remain full in the early hours of morning. So they can complete their work successfully. On the other hand, late risers are always behind time and cannot do the right thing at the right time. Moreover, early risers can enjoy the beauties of nature of the early morning. The glorious sunrise arrests their vision and the sweet song of the birds pleases their ears. Thus early rising gives us so many advantages. So we should form the habit right from the beginning.
2. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) about the Advantages of Morning Walk. Use the following points : [ Introduction – a healthy habit – a good start for the whole day’s work – greater and closer contact with nature – independent exercise – conclusion]
[M.P. 2000]
ADVANTAGES OF MORNING WALK
Morning walk is a healthy habit. It is the best exercise one can think of. After a long night’s rest, morning walkers can enjoy fresh oxygen and mild sunrays of the cool morning. These act as a remedy for various types of physical ailments and help them keep their body fit. Moreover, morning walk is certainly a good start for the day’s work. It gives the walkers enough energy. This energy helps them carry on with their work throughout the day. Besides, nature remains calm and serene during the early hours of the morning. Morning walkers can come in greater and closer contact with such an easefulness of nature. They can also enjoy the peeping of the faint sunlight, the cool morning air and the twittering of the birds. These make their minds fresh and joyful. Above all, morning walk is the cheapest and most independent form of exercise. For, no instrument or help is needed to do this exercise. So to enjoy the wealth of health, we must form this beneficial habit right from the beginning.
3. Write a paragraph on ‘The Benefits of Using a Good Dictionary’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Familiarity with new words – develops idea on your usage – helps in learning a language better – grows curiosity about the language – develops writing skill]
THE BENEFITS OF USING A GOOD DICTIONARY
The benefits of using a good dictionary are many. We generally look up a good dictionary for the meaning of a word. Then it gives us a lot of synonyms and antonyms of the particular word. Thus it familiarises us with a good number of new words. Besides, in a good dictionary we find how different words are used in different contexts. As such, a good dictionary also develops our idea on how to use various words in different situations. Moreover, a good dictionary gives us the proper pronunciation of a particular word with its stressed and unstressed syllables. So in learning a language better with practical usage and proper transcription, a good dictionary has no other alternative. Again, it grows our curiosity about the language by different illustrations. Finally, it develops our writing skill. Thus all the functions of a good dictionary helps us in learning different skills of the language such as speaking, reading and even writing. So a good dictionary is necessary for all to command a language.
4. Write a paragraph on ‘Swine Flu’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[M.T.P. 2010]
[Disease : H1N1 flu – WHO gives pandemic alert – more than 70 countries affected – origin in South America – Symptom : Flu-like symptoms – high temperature, coughs and sneezes – spreads like common influenza – Precaution : wearing face mask, sanitizing oneself if in contact with a patient – Treatment at specified government hospitals using anti-viral drugs]
SWINE FLU
Swine flu is now a new threat to the world. It is a viral flu. A virus called H1N1 causes it. The vector of the virus is the swine or the pork. This is why, the disease is so named. The WHO has already given a pandemic alert for it. More than 70 countries have already been affected by the disease. India is also among them. The first case of swine flu was reported in South America. The disease has some flu-like symptoms. A swine flu patient is marked by high temperature, coughs and sneezes. It spreads like common influenza. As precautionary measures against it, we should wear face mask with the outbreak of the disease. Besides, we should sanitize ourselves if we come in contact with a swine flu patient. Numerous persons have already died of swine flu in our country. The treatment of the disease is available only in some specified hospitals in our state. Only anti-viral drugs are effective against it. So we should not neglect flu-like symptoms in a swine flu-affected area to avoid our death.
5. Write a paragraph on ‘Longest Total Solar Eclipse of the Century’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Total solar eclipse occurred on 23 July, 2009 – numerous people flocked to ‘Taregana, (The sky-watching point of the astronomer Aryabhatta in Bihar) to have a glimpse of the marvel – clouds stood in the way – dream realised at Raiganj in North Bengal – first touch of the moon’s shadow remained invisible because of the cloud at 6:23 – all phases viz, corona, diamond ring, Bailey’s beads shadow band visible from 6:27 – mixed feeling of agony and ecstasy at ‘Taregana’ and Raiganj]
[M.T.P. 2010]
LONGEST TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE OF THE CENTURY
The longest total solar eclipse of the century occurred on 23 July, 2009. Numerous people from far and abroad flocked to the obscure village ‘Taregana’ (The sky-watching point of the astronomer Aryabhatta in Bihar) to have a glimpse of the rare celestial drama. Alas! clouds stood in the way. It deprived them of the marvel and overwhelmed them with grief. But it is at Raiganj in North Bengal where people’s dream was realised. Here also the first touch of the moon’s shadow eclipsing the sun remained invisible at the target moment, i.e., 6:23 am because of the cloud. But cloud dispersed within minutes and from 6:27 am the re-enactment of the celestial drama was perfectly visible. All the phases viz, corona, diamond ring, Bailey’s beads shadow band etc. appeared one after another. Viewers were beside themselves with joy. Some laughed, some again cried and some others hugged one another singing loudly. Thus the celestial occurrence created a mixed feeling of agony and ecstasy.
6. Write a paragraph on ‘Solar Energy’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[The sun, an endless source of energy – light and heat – how to put this energy to other uses: heating water, cooking, lighting, operating mechanical devices – how to be made more easily available and usable – a possible solution of energy crisis – particularly helpful in remote areas]
SOLAR ENERGY
The sun is an endless source of energy. It gives us energy in the form of light and heat. It is called solar energy. It is the best source of energy. It is inexhaustible unlike other conventional sources of energy – coal, petrol, kerosene etc. This energy has recently been put to various uses. Now it can be used in heating water, cooking, lighting and operating mechanical devices. The scientists are sweating their brains to find out how to make solar energy more easily available and usable. In view of acute crisis of conventional energy in near future, it will be a possible solution to our ever-increasing demand of energy. Moreover, it is eco-friendly. For, it does not pollute air like other conventional sources of energy. Again, solar energy is particularly helpful in remote areas of the country where electricity has not yet reached. So if it is utilised in our country, it will be a real boon to us.
7. Write a paragraph on ‘Value of Games and Sports’ in about 150 words. Use the following points: [Introduction – importance of games for the development of body and mind – helps to build character – relation between sports and progress of the nation – conclusion]
VALUE OF GAMES AND SPORTS
“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy” – so goes the adage. Games and sports have great value in our life. They are food to body and mind. They make our body strong and mind broad. They prepare us for the fight in the struggle for existence of life. Vivekananda has rightly said, “The playing of football is thousand times better than the reading of the Gita”. Besides, games and sports build our character. They teach us such qualities as discipline, tolerance, patience, courage and team-spirit. They also develop quickness of movement, promptness of decision and firmness of character. The progress of a nation depends on its standard of games and sports. They foster national integration, universal brotherhood and international understanding. They give us the opportunity of exchanging ideas with other countries and reduce the possibility of wars. In a word, a nation is incomplete and imperfect without a culture of games and sports. So we should take part in games and sports.
8. Write a paragraph on ‘Blood Donation’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – why blood so necessary – need of blood donation – conclusion]
BLOOD DONATION
Harder to give ; easier to take. So is said of life. We cannot give life to a dead body. But we can at least save a dying man. We can do it only by giving him a few drops of our own blood. It is known to all that blood is a vital medicine to save a life. We need it in case of emergency. Sometimes expert doctors and costly medicine go in vain for want of a bottle of blood. But we all know that blood is not produced in the bosom of the sea. Nor is it created in the chemical library. Human body is the only source of blood. So the only way to get blood is to collect it from human beings and store it in the blood banks. But blood banks cannot always cope with the ever-increasing demand of blood. So we need to donate blood voluntarily. Now-a-days different clubs organize blood donation camps as their routine duties. We should donate blood in these camps voluntarily not misled by the rumour that blood donation is detrimental to health. For, to donate blood is divine ; to refuse it is a great sin.
9. Write a paragraph on ‘Duties of A Citizen’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – abiding by social rules – living not only for self but for the society – participating in public life – serving fellow citizens and the country – conclusion]
DUTIES OF A CITIZEN
A citizen has some duties and responsibilities to his country. His first and foremost duty is to build himself as a responsible and useful citizen of the country through education. He must be loyal to his country. He must refrain from agitational activities. He should extend his sincere co-operation to root out such baneful evils from his country as communalism, fanaticism, casteism, illiteracy, superstition etc. A citizen must abide by the laws of the country. He must pay his tax regularly and contribute to the national economy thereby. It is his duty to take part in the democracy by casting his vote for the party of his choice. He should not allow some other person to exercise his franchise. He should respect the rights of his fellow-citizens and respect their sentiments. He should always live in peace and harmony with others. He should help the Government in implementing various national development programmes. In a word, ‘Live and Let Live’ should be the motto of a true citizen’s life.
10. Write a paragraph on ‘One-day Cricket’ in about 150 words. Use the following points:
[Introduction – why so much popular – rules of one day cricket – India’s place in one day cricket – conclusion]
ONE-DAY CRICKET
One-day cricket has become very popular in modern times. Modern man is so busy that he cannot get enough time to enjoy a test match. So he prefers a one day match. Besides unlike test cricket, one-day cricket ends in decisive result – either victory or defeat. This also accounts for its popularity. Both the sides in a one-day match get the chance of playing 50 overs. Sometimes the number of overs is reduced owing to inclement weather. Million of spectators watch one-day matches on the TV. Some cricketers play one-dayers better than test matches. A one-day match becomes very thrilling towards its close. Then the batsmen try to score more runs to reach the target to win. Every moment of it is full of thrill, tension and uncertainty then. India has a very good place in one-day cricket to boast of. She has a good many records in it. India won the World Cup in 1983 and became the runners-up in the World Cup 2003. Now she is the number two international one-day cricket team in the world.
Paragraphs on Personal Topics (14):
1. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) about The Person You Like Most. You may use the following points : [ Name and identity of the person – your relationship with him/her – his/ her qualities that impress you – his/her differences from other people – his/her influence, if any, on your mind] [M.P. 2003]
THE MAN I ADMIRE MOST / MY IDEAL PERSON IN LIFE
The person I like most is Chanchal Roy Chowdhury, an M.D. He is none but my own father. He was not what he is today. He has risen to his present status from a very humble station of life. But he has never left his native village in pursuit of better fortune. He has seen with his own eyes how poor villagers die for want of proper treatment. So he swears in the name of God to die as a village doctor serving the village people. But my father impresses me more as a human being than as a doctor. His bounty never fails at the plight of a man in distress. I have seen him pushing money into the pockets of his ailing patients who cannot buy medicines for sheer want. But he is a man of firm mentality. He never compromises with anything unjust and wrong. This makes him different from others. His influence on my mind is too great to ignore. I try to follow the ideals and principles of his life. But I often find them too high for me to reach. May be, this is why, he is the man I admire most.
2. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) on Your Aim in Life. You may use the following points :
[What you wish to be when you grow up – reasons for your choice – how it will benefit your society – source of inspiration for your choice]
[M.P. 2009]
MY AIM IN LIFE
An old saying goes thus, “Life without an aim is like a boat without a rudder”. So one should have a definite aim in life to reach according to one’s own individual capacity. Some want to be doctors, some engineers and some again pilots. I am no exception to this. The life of a doctor is devoted to the service of the suffering mass. It attracts me. The life of an engineer is innovative and inventive. It also charms me. The life of a pilot is thrilling and adventurous. It allures me not less. But the life of a teacher is something different. He is a maker of man. Who but a teacher can boast of producing so many doctors, engineers, pilots or the like? It is he who builds the future citizens of a country and moulds the character of a nation. I am inspired by the lofty ideals that a teacher has for welfare of the society. So I want to be a teacher. I shall produce a lot of doctors, pilots, engineers and other professionals one day. This is my aim in life. God willing, I will reach my aim one day.
3. Write a paragraph (in about 150 words) on The Idol of Your Life. You may use the following points :
[ Name and identity of the person – your relationship with him/her – his/ her qualities that impress you – his/her differences from other people – his/her influence, if any, on your mind]
THE IDOL OF MY